Barucci Eleonora, Salvadori Emilia, Magi Simona, Squitieri Martina, Fiore Giulio Maria, Ramacciotti Lorenzo, Formelli Benedetta, Pescini Francesca, Poggesi Anna
NEUROFARBA Department, Neuroscience Section, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy.
Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2024 Mar 11;14(1):5922. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-55719-w.
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is recognized as a cause of cognitive impairment, but its cognitive profile needs to be characterized, also respect to hypertension-related microangiopathy (HA). We aimed at comparing difference or similarity of CAA and HA patients' cognitive profiles, and their associated factors. Participants underwent an extensive clinical, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging protocol. HA patients (n = 39) were more frequently males, with history of vascular risk factors than CAA (n = 32). Compared to HA, CAA patients presented worse performance at MoCA (p = 0.001) and semantic fluency (p = 0.043), and a higher prevalence of amnestic MCI (46% vs. 68%). In univariate analyses, multi-domain MCI was associated with worse performance at MoCA, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), and semantic fluency in CAA patients, and with worse performance at Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) and phonemic fluency in HA ones. In multivariate models, multi-domain deficit remained as the only factor associated with RAVLT (β = - 0.574) in CAA, while with SDMT (β = - 0.364) and phonemic fluency (β = - 0.351) in HA. Our results highlight different patterns of cognitive deficits in CAA or HA patients. While HA patients' cognitive profile was confirmed as mainly attentional/executive, a complex cognitive profile, characterized also by deficit in semantic memory, seems the hallmark of CAA patients.
脑淀粉样血管病（CAA）被认为是认知障碍的一个病因，但其认知特征仍需明确，尤其是与高血压相关的微血管病（HA）相比。我们旨在比较CAA和HA患者认知特征的差异或相似性及其相关因素。参与者接受了全面的临床、神经心理学和神经影像学检查。HA患者（n = 39）比CAA患者（n = 32）更常为男性，且有血管危险因素史。与HA相比，CAA患者在蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）（p = 0.001）和语义流畅性测试（p = 0.043）中的表现更差，遗忘型轻度认知障碍（MCI）的患病率更高（46%对68%）。在单因素分析中，多领域MCI与CAA患者在MoCA、雷伊听觉词语学习测验（RAVLT）和语义流畅性测试中的较差表现相关，与HA患者在符号数字模式测验（SDMT）和音素流畅性测试中的较差表现相关。在多变量模型中，多领域缺陷仍然是CAA中与RAVLT相关的唯一因素（β = -0.574），而在HA中与SDMT（β = -0.364）和音素流畅性（β = -0.351）相关。我们的结果突出了CAA或HA患者认知缺陷的不同模式。虽然HA患者的认知特征被证实主要是注意力/执行功能方面的，但以语义记忆缺陷为特征的复杂认知特征似乎是CAA患者的标志。
