Department of Forensic Science, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India.
Int J Legal Med. 2024 Jul;138(4):1223-1232. doi: 10.1007/s00414-024-03202-6. Epub 2024 Mar 12.
Body fluids are one of the most encountered types of evidence in any crime and are commonly used for identifying a person's identity. In addition to these, they are also useful in ascertaining the nature of crime by determining the ty pe of fluid such as blood, semen, saliva, urine etc. Body fluids collected from crime scenes are mostly found in degraded, trace amounts and/or mixed with other fluids. However, the existing immunological and enzyme-based methods used for differentiating these fluids show limited specificity and sensitivity in such cases. To overcome these challenges, a new method utilizing microRNA expression of the body fluids has been proposed. This method is believed to be non-destructive as well as sensitive in nature and researches have shown promising results for highly degraded samples as well. This systematic review focuses on and explores the use and reliability of miRNAs in body fluid identification. It also summarizes the researches conducted on various aspects of miRNA in terms of body fluid examination in forensic investigations.
体液是任何犯罪中最常见的证据类型之一，通常用于确定一个人的身份。除此之外，通过确定体液的类型，如血液、精液、唾液、尿液等，还可以确定犯罪的性质。从犯罪现场收集的体液大多处于降解、痕量和/或与其他体液混合的状态。然而，现有的用于区分这些体液的免疫和基于酶的方法在这种情况下显示出有限的特异性和灵敏度。为了克服这些挑战，已经提出了一种利用体液中 microRNA 表达的新方法。这种方法被认为是非破坏性的，具有很高的灵敏度，研究表明，它对高度降解的样本也有很好的效果。本系统综述重点探讨和研究了 microRNA 在体液识别中的应用和可靠性。它还总结了关于法医调查中 miRNA 在体液检查各个方面的研究。
