Aksoy Ozan, Wu Alison Fang-Wei, Aksoy Sevgi, Rivas Carol
UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, 55-59 Gordon Square, WC1H 0NU, London, UK.
University of Greenwich, Old Royal Naval College, Park Row, SE10 9LS, London, UK.
BMC Psychol. 2024 Mar 11;12(1):136. doi: 10.1186/s40359-024-01596-x.
An immediate research priority recovering from the COVID-19 pandemic is well-being among some of our most vulnerable-people with chronic illness. We studied how mental health changed among people with and without chronic illness throughout the pandemic and the mediating role of social support.
We used the 3-waves of COVID-19 survey within the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS, age 19, N = 5522) and MCS Parent (MCSP, age > > 19, N = 7479) samples, with additional pre-pandemic measures of some outcomes and exposure. Using Structural Equation Panel Models with Full Information Maximum Likelihood estimation to address missing data, we studied differences between respondents with a chronic illness and without, regarding depressive symptoms and mental well-being, with social provision, social support, and loneliness as potential mediators.
Mental well-being (SWEMWBS) and psychological distress (Kessler-6) worsened significantly during the pandemic relative to baseline for people with and without chronic illness, while the latter group had substantially better well-being at all waves and the baseline regarding both outcomes. When the lockdown was lifted during wave-2, mental well-being temporarily rebounded, and distress waned among people without chronic illness but continued to worsen among people with chronic illness. Social support partially mediated the link between chronic illness and mental well-being.
The large mental well-being gap between people with and without chronic illness persisted during the pandemic. However, social support and provision can partially narrow this gap, hence should be employed in future pandemic management.
从新冠疫情中恢复过来后，当务之急是研究我们一些最脆弱的人群——慢性病患者的福祉状况。我们研究了在整个疫情期间，慢性病患者和非慢性病患者的心理健康状况如何变化，以及社会支持的中介作用。
我们使用了千禧队列研究（MCS，19岁，N = 5522）和MCS家长样本（MCSP，年龄＞19岁，N = 7479）中的三轮新冠疫情调查数据，以及一些结果和暴露因素的疫情前测量数据。使用具有完全信息最大似然估计的结构方程面板模型来处理缺失数据，我们研究了患有慢性病和未患慢性病的受访者在抑郁症状和心理健康方面的差异，将社会供给、社会支持和孤独感作为潜在的中介变量。
与基线相比，在疫情期间，患有慢性病和未患慢性病的人群的心理健康（SWEMWBS）和心理困扰（Kessler-6）均显著恶化，而后者在所有调查阶段和基线时，在这两个结果方面的幸福感都明显更高。在第二阶段解除封锁时，心理健康暂时反弹，未患慢性病的人群的困扰有所减轻，但患有慢性病的人群的困扰仍在加剧。社会支持部分介导了慢性病与心理健康之间的联系。
在疫情期间，患有慢性病和未患慢性病的人群之间存在巨大的心理健康差距。然而，社会支持和供给可以部分缩小这一差距，因此应在未来的疫情管理中加以应用。
