Yu Shijie, Yin Hongpo, Sun Wei, Yang Ruosong, Lai Ronghua, Yu Yushan, Bi Hongsheng, Wu Jianfeng
Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jun 3;13:1598790. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1598790. eCollection 2025.
This study aimed to investigate the association between myopia and mental health among Chinese children in primary and secondary school.
This study employed a cross-sectional study design, including 1,640 children and their parents, via an online survey. The children underwent routine eye examinations including cycloplegic autorefraction. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the association between myopia and mental health. Multivariable linear regression analyses were performed in distinct subgroups.
Among all children, 836 children (50.98%) were boys; the mean age was 9.39 ± 2.22 years old. A decline in visual acuity last year was associated with a higher strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) total difficulties score (β = 0.564, 95% CI: 0.064, 1.064) and an increased risk of borderline mental health problems (OR = 1.863, 95% CI: 1.135, 3.057). Abnormal mental health problems were more likely to occur in myopic children than emmetropic children (OR = 3.601, 95% CI: 1.070, 12.456). The risk of abnormal mental health problems decreased with an increase in number of correctly identified the early treatment diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS) markers (OR = 0.964, 95% CI: 0.933, 0.997). In grades 3-4, myopic children had a higher SDQ total difficulties score compared with emmetropic children (β = 1.065, 95% CI: 0.200, 1.929), and children with a decline in visual acuity last year had a higher SDQ total difficulties score than those without decline (β = 0.981, 95% CI: 0.011, 1.951).
Myopic children, especially in grades 3-4, were more susceptible to mental health problems than emmetropic peers. This shows the importance of early targeted counseling for mental health in myopic children.
本研究旨在调查中国中小学生近视与心理健康之间的关联。
本研究采用横断面研究设计，通过在线调查纳入了1640名儿童及其父母。这些儿童接受了包括散瞳验光在内的常规眼科检查。使用多变量线性和逻辑回归模型来检验近视与心理健康之间的关联。在不同亚组中进行了多变量线性回归分析。
在所有儿童中，836名儿童（50.98%）为男孩；平均年龄为9.39±2.22岁。去年视力下降与优势与困难问卷（SDQ）总困难得分较高（β=0.564，95%置信区间：0.064，1.064）以及边缘心理健康问题风险增加（OR=1.863，95%置信区间：1.135，3.057）相关。近视儿童比正视儿童更易出现异常心理健康问题（OR=3.601，95%置信区间：1.070，12.456）。随着正确识别糖尿病视网膜病变早期治疗研究（ETDRS）标志物数量的增加，异常心理健康问题的风险降低（OR=0.964，95%置信区间：0.933，0.997）。在三至四年级，近视儿童的SDQ总困难得分高于正视儿童（β=1.065，95%置信区间：0.200，1.929），去年视力下降的儿童的SDQ总困难得分高于未下降的儿童（β=0.981，95%置信区间：0.011，1.951）。
近视儿童，尤其是三至四年级的儿童，比正视同龄人更容易出现心理健康问题。这表明对近视儿童进行早期针对性心理健康咨询的重要性。
