Zelig Rena, Lyon Amy, Touger-Decker Riva, Singer Steven R, Samavat Hamed
Department of Clinical and Preventive Nutrition Sciences, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
Gerodontology. 2024 Dec;41(4):516-525. doi: 10.1111/ger.12747. Epub 2024 Mar 11.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Tooth loss is common among older adults and can affect dietary intake and weight status. This study investigated associations between dentition status and body mass index (BMI) in older adults.
This was a cross-sectional study of data from a convenience sample of older adults (65-89 years) treated at an urban U.S. dental school clinic. Clinical and demographic data were obtained from electronic health records. Dentition status was determined based on data from odontograms. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of having a non-normal weight status for each measure of dentition status, after adjusting for covariates.
Patients (n = 1765) were 54.1% female, 51.5% White, 41.6% African American and 22.5% Hispanic/Latino. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 71 (67.0-75.0) years; the mean (±SD) BMI was 28.5 (±5.7) kg/m; 72.5% were overweight or obese. The median (IQR) number of remaining teeth was 20.0 (13.0-24.0); the median numbers of anterior and posterior occluding pairs of teeth were 5.0 (2.0-6.0) and 2.0 (0.0-5.0), respectively; and 44.9% had a functional dentition (≥21 teeth). Having a higher number of remaining teeth and more posterior occluding pairs were associated with lower odds of obesity (OR = 0.980, 95% CI = 0.964, 0.997, p = .022 and OR = 0.931, 95% CI = 0.885, 0.980, p = .006, respectively). Lack of a functional dentition was associated with higher odds of obesity (OR = 1.400, 95% CI = 1.078, 1.818, p = .012), after controlling for covariates.
Older adults with tooth loss - especially loss of posterior occlusion and lack of a functional dentition - were more likely to be obese than of normal weight.
背景/目的：牙齿缺失在老年人中很常见，会影响饮食摄入和体重状况。本研究调查了老年人牙列状况与体重指数（BMI）之间的关联。
这是一项横断面研究，数据来自美国一所城市牙科学校诊所治疗的老年人（65 - 89岁）便利样本。临床和人口统计学数据从电子健康记录中获取。牙列状况根据牙片数据确定。在调整协变量后，使用多项逻辑回归来估计每种牙列状况测量下体重状况异常的优势比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
患者（n = 1765）中女性占54.1%，白人占51.5%，非裔美国人占41.6%，西班牙裔/拉丁裔占22.5%。年龄中位数（四分位间距[IQR]）为71（67.0 - 75.0）岁；平均（±标准差）BMI为28.5（±5.7）kg/m²；72.5%超重或肥胖。剩余牙齿的中位数（IQR）为20.0（13.0 - 24.0）；前牙和后牙咬合对的中位数分别为5.0（2.0 - 6.0）和2.0（0.0 - 5.0）；44.9%有功能性牙列（≥21颗牙齿）。剩余牙齿数量较多和后牙咬合对较多与肥胖几率较低相关（OR = 0.980，95% CI = 0.964，0.997，p = 0.022和OR = 0.931，95% CI = 0.885，0.980，p = 0.006）。在控制协变量后，缺乏功能性牙列与肥胖几率较高相关（OR = 1.400，95% CI = 1.078，1.818，p = 0.012）。
牙齿缺失的老年人，尤其是后牙咬合丧失和缺乏功能性牙列的老年人，比体重正常者更易肥胖。
