Airs Paul M, Nazarchyk Michael J, Tucker Bradley J, Bartholomay Lyric C
Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.
Front Insect Sci. 2023 Jan 16;2:1073308. doi: 10.3389/finsc.2022.1073308. eCollection 2022.
Oogenesis in flies manifests as a carefully orchestrated cascade of developmental gates and growth events, punctuated by programmed cell death (PCD) and follicular resorption events. In anautogenous mosquitoes, a blood meal stimulates growth of primary follicles, but the timing of developmental stages is species-specific, and few species have been characterized. Here, we characterize the first gonotrophic cycle of oogenesis in (Diptera: Culicidae), the principal vector of La Crosse Virus (LACV), a major cause of pediatric encephalitis in North America. We note significant differences in the timing and appearance of developmental stages from previous studies of other mosquito species, particularly . We also describe the appearance and timing of PCD events including atresia, nurse cell death, and follicular epithelium death and show that the majority of follicular epithelium cells do not undergo apoptosis during oogenesis but persist in the ovariole at least until the second gonotrophic cycle. This thorough characterization of oogenesis and PCD in , through which LACV must persist in order to achieve filial infection, also serves as a baseline to study host-pathogen interactions during transovarial transmission.
果蝇的卵子发生表现为一系列精心编排的发育关卡和生长事件，并穿插着程序性细胞死亡（PCD）和卵泡吸收事件。在非自育性蚊子中，一次血餐会刺激初级卵泡的生长，但发育阶段的时间安排具有物种特异性，且很少有物种被详细描述。在这里，我们描述了北美儿科脑炎的主要病因——拉克罗斯病毒（LACV）的主要传播媒介——（双翅目：蚊科）卵子发生的第一个生殖营养周期。我们注意到，与之前对其他蚊子物种（特别是）的研究相比，发育阶段的时间和外观存在显著差异。我们还描述了PCD事件的外观和时间，包括闭锁、滋养细胞死亡和卵泡上皮死亡，并表明大多数卵泡上皮细胞在卵子发生过程中不会发生凋亡，而是至少在第二个生殖营养周期之前一直存在于卵巢小管中。对卵子发生和PCD的这种全面描述，LACV必须通过它才能实现子代感染，这也为研究经卵传递过程中的宿主-病原体相互作用提供了一个基线。
