Knapp T R
Nurs Res. 1985 May-Jun;34(3):189-92. doi: 10.1097/00006199-198505000-00013.
Some studies of measuring instruments are validity studies. Others are reliability studies. Still others, such as the investigation of the stability of a construct and the correlation between the scores on two different levels of the same test, are neither. Authors of test manuals and of journal articles dealing with certain tests should label them accordingly as substantive studies, not methodological investigations.
一些关于测量工具的研究是效度研究。其他的是信度研究。还有一些，比如对一个结构的稳定性以及同一测试在两个不同水平上的分数之间的相关性的研究，既不是效度研究也不是信度研究。测试手册以及涉及某些测试的期刊文章的作者应相应地将它们标记为实质性研究，而非方法学调查。
