Tambelli Renata, Favieri Francesca, Casagrande Maria
Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via degli Apuli 1, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Feb 28;12(5):556. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12050556.
As behavioral addictions (BAs) significantly affect well-being, paying attention to the characteristics associated with their onset is relevant. Current studies suggest that BAs should be addressed from an adaptive-maladaptive continuum perspective to define what and how some behaviors became problematic. The multi-faceted nature of behaviors attributed to possible BA involves psychological and individual backgrounds (e.g., attachment style). Given its role in affecting personality processes, social development, and motivational drives, the attachment style would be involved in addiction-like behaviors from adolescence, defined as a critical period for BA onset. This study analyzed the association between the attachment dimensions and two possible BAs that can be included in an adaptive-maladaptive continuum (i.e., social network use and TV series watching). A sample consisting of 493 late adolescents/emerging adults (age range: 18-24) completed questionnaires assessing social network use, TV series watching, and attachment style. The results showed a positive association between problematic attachment styles and BAs. High worry and need for relationships (anxious attachment) would be risk factors for problematic social network use and relationships as secondary (avoidant attachment) would be a risk factor for problematic TV series watching. These findings suggest the importance of further analyzing the role of attachment styles and their dimensions in influencing behavioral expression early to prevent the occurrence of BA.
由于行为成瘾（BAs）会显著影响幸福感，关注与其发作相关的特征很有必要。当前研究表明，应从适应性 - 适应不良连续体的角度来探讨行为成瘾，以界定某些行为为何以及如何变得有问题。归因于可能的行为成瘾的行为具有多面性，涉及心理和个人背景（例如依恋风格）。鉴于依恋风格在影响人格形成过程、社会发展和动机驱动方面的作用，它可能在青春期就与成瘾样行为有关，而青春期被定义为行为成瘾发作的关键时期。本研究分析了依恋维度与两种可能属于适应性 - 适应不良连续体的行为成瘾（即社交网络使用和观看电视剧）之间的关联。一个由493名青少年晚期/刚成年的人（年龄范围：18 - 24岁）组成的样本完成了评估社交网络使用、观看电视剧和依恋风格的问卷。结果显示，有问题的依恋风格与行为成瘾之间存在正相关。高度担忧和对人际关系的需求（焦虑型依恋）是社交网络使用出现问题的风险因素，而将人际关系视为次要（回避型依恋）则是观看电视剧出现问题的风险因素。这些发现表明，进一步分析依恋风格及其维度在早期影响行为表现方面的作用对于预防行为成瘾的发生具有重要意义。
