M.N, StateKey Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China.
M.N, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Burns. 2024 Jun;50(5):1341-1348. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.01.013. Epub 2024 Feb 1.
A considerable number of burn patients have greater psychological stress due to the special trauma site. In clinical practice, it is found that medical staff pay more attention to the rehabilitation of physical function, while the mental health status of patients is greatly neglected. In contact with patients, we found that attention should be paid to the levels of stigma and self-esteem. However, there are few studies on stigma and self-esteem in patients with facial burns. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the stigma and self-esteem levels of facial burns, investigate the relationship between these two variables, and explore the influencing factors of stigma in patients with facial burns, in order to provide evidence for follow-up interventions to improve this population.
From August 2020 to June 2021, we recruited patients with facial burns who met the inclusion criteria in one burn specialist clinic and three burn units of a tertiary A hospital in Guangzhou, China. The survey tools of this study include sociodemographic and disease-related information questionnaires, the Chinese version of the Social Impact Scale, and the self-esteem scale (these scales were validated). SPSS 25.0 software was used for data analysis through t test, analysis of variance, correlation analysis, multiple linear regression method for data statistics.
The total stigma score of facial burn patients was (58.01 ± 7.57), which was at a medium level; the self-esteem score was (19.72 ± 2.43), which was at a low level. Correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the self-esteem score and the total score of stigma (r = 0.286, P < 0.01). The family per capita monthly income, education level, way of medical expenses expenditure, and self-esteem of facial burn patients were the influencing factors of their stigma, and these factors explained 33.7% of the variation in stigma (F=8.659, P＜0.01).
Patients with facial burns have low levels of stigma and self-esteem, which requires our efforts. In particular, there is a positive correlation between stigma and self-esteem, and self-esteem is an independent risk factor affecting stigma. Our findings suggest that interventions aimed at enhancing self-esteem have the potential to positively impact the reduction of stigma in this patient population.
由于特殊的创伤部位，相当数量的烧伤患者承受着更大的心理压力。在临床实践中，医护人员发现更注重身体功能的康复，而极大地忽视了患者的心理健康状况。在与患者接触时，我们发现应注意耻辱感和自尊心的水平。然而，关于面部烧伤患者的耻辱感和自尊心的研究很少。因此，本研究旨在描述面部烧伤患者的耻辱感和自尊心水平，调查这两个变量之间的关系，并探讨面部烧伤患者耻辱感的影响因素，以为改善这一人群的后续干预措施提供证据。
本研究于 2020 年 8 月至 2021 年 6 月期间，在中国广州一家烧伤专科诊所和三家三级 A 医院的烧伤病房招募符合纳入标准的面部烧伤患者。本研究的调查工具包括社会人口学和疾病相关信息问卷、中文版社会影响量表和自尊量表（这些量表均经过验证）。使用 SPSS 25.0 软件进行数据分析，采用 t 检验、方差分析、相关性分析、多元线性回归方法进行数据统计。
面部烧伤患者的总耻辱感评分为（58.01±7.57），处于中等水平；自尊得分为（19.72±2.43），处于较低水平。相关性分析表明，自尊得分与耻辱感总分呈正相关（r=0.286，P＜0.01）。家庭人均月收入、文化程度、医疗费用支付方式和面部烧伤患者的自尊是影响其耻辱感的因素，这些因素解释了耻辱感变异的 33.7%（F=8.659，P＜0.01）。
面部烧伤患者的耻辱感和自尊心水平较低，需要我们共同努力。特别是，耻辱感和自尊心呈正相关，且自尊是影响耻辱感的独立危险因素。我们的研究结果表明，旨在增强自尊心的干预措施有可能对降低该患者群体的耻辱感产生积极影响。
