Serino Federica, Pennasilico Luca, Galosi Margherita, Palumbo Piccionello Angela, Tambella Adolfo Maria, Di Bella Caterina
School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Feb 22;14(5):684. doi: 10.3390/ani14050684.
The aim of this study was to describe one-point (preiliac approach) and two-point (preiliac and retrocostal approach) blocks of the Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) on a cadaveric model. For this purpose, ultrasound-guided infiltration of the plane between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles was performed and, after dissection of tissues, the areas and percentage of nerve fibers involved were analyzed. Injection into the TAP plexus of a 1 mL/kg solution of 2% lidocaine and 1% methylene blue (1:1) was performed in 30 rabbit cadavers. In fifteen rabbits (group S), the solution was inoculated at the preiliac level. In the other 15 rabbits (group D), the solution was divided into two inoculations (0.5 mL/kg at the retrocostal level and 0.5 mL/kg at the preiliac level). All cadavers were then dissected and stained spinal nerve branches were measured. Moreover, the percentage of length, height and the total area of the stained tissue were calculated. In the S group, T10, T11 and T12 nerve eminences were successfully stained in 18%, 52% and 75% of cases, respectively. Furthermore, L1, L2, L3 and L4 were stained in 95%, 100%, 60% and 40% of cases, respectively. In group D, the ventromedial eminence of T10, T11 and T12 were stained in 68.1%, 100% and 98% of cases, respectively, and L1, L2, L3 and L4 were stained in 88%, 100%, 62% and 31% of cases, respectively. In conclusion, a two-point TAP block is more effective in covering the nerve eminences of the cranial abdomen than the preiliac approach alone.
本研究的目的是在尸体模型上描述腹横肌平面（TAP）的单点（髂前入路）和两点（髂前和肋后入路）阻滞。为此，在超声引导下对腹内斜肌和腹横肌之间的平面进行浸润，然后在组织解剖后，分析所涉及神经纤维的区域和百分比。在30只兔尸体中向TAP神经丛注射1 mL/kg的2%利多卡因和1%亚甲蓝溶液（1:1）。在15只兔（S组）中，将溶液注射于髂前水平。在另外15只兔（D组）中，将溶液分为两次注射（0.5 mL/kg于肋后水平和0.5 mL/kg于髂前水平）。然后对所有尸体进行解剖并测量染色的脊神经分支。此外，计算染色组织的长度、高度和总面积的百分比。在S组中，T10、T11和T12神经隆起分别在18%、52%和75%的病例中成功染色。此外，L1、L2、L3和L4分别在95%、100%、60%和40%的病例中染色。在D组中，T10、T11和T12的腹内侧隆起分别在68.1%、100%和98%的病例中染色，L1、L2、L3和L4分别在88%、100%、62%和31%的病例中染色。总之，两点TAP阻滞在覆盖上腹部神经隆起方面比单独的髂前入路更有效。
