Nazarov Taras, Liu Yan, Chen Xianming, See Deven R
Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, USA.
US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Wheat Health, Genetics, and Quality Research Unit, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Mar 2;25(5):2930. doi: 10.3390/ijms25052930.
Rust fungi cause significant damage to wheat production worldwide. In order to mitigate disease impact and improve food security via durable resistance, it is important to understand the molecular basis of host-pathogen interactions. Despite a long history of research and high agricultural importance, still little is known about the interactions between the stripe rust fungus and wheat host on the gene expression level. Here, we present analysis of the molecular interactions between a major wheat pathogen- f. sp. ()-in resistant and susceptible host backgrounds. Using plants with durable nonrace-specific resistance along with fully susceptible ones allowed us to show how gene expression patterns shift in compatible versus incompatible interactions. The pathogen showed significantly greater number and fold changes of overexpressed genes on the resistant host than the susceptible host. Stress-related pathways including MAPK, oxidation-reduction, osmotic stress, and stress granule formation were, almost exclusively, upregulated in the resistant host background, suggesting the requirement of the resistance-countermeasure mechanism facilitated by . In contrast, the susceptible host background allowed for broad overrepresentation of the nutrient uptake pathways. This is the first study focused on the stripe rust pathogen-wheat interactions, on the whole transcriptome level, from the pathogen side. It lays a foundation for the better understanding of the resistant/susceptible hosts versus pathogenic fungus interaction in a broader sense.
锈菌对全球小麦生产造成重大损害。为了通过持久抗性减轻病害影响并提高粮食安全，了解宿主 - 病原体相互作用的分子基础非常重要。尽管研究历史悠久且具有高度农业重要性，但关于条锈菌与小麦宿主在基因表达水平上的相互作用仍知之甚少。在此，我们展示了在抗性和感病宿主背景下，一种主要的小麦病原体——条锈菌（Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici）的分子相互作用分析。使用具有持久非小种特异性抗性的植物以及完全感病的植物，使我们能够展示在亲和与非亲和相互作用中基因表达模式是如何变化的。与感病宿主相比，病原体在抗性宿主上显示出明显更多数量的过表达基因以及更大的倍数变化。包括丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）、氧化还原、渗透胁迫和应激颗粒形成在内的与胁迫相关的途径，几乎完全在抗性宿主背景中上调，这表明需要条锈菌促进的抗性应对机制。相比之下，感病宿主背景使得营养吸收途径广泛富集。这是第一项从病原体角度在全转录组水平上聚焦条锈菌 - 小麦相互作用的研究。它为更广泛地理解抗性/感病宿主与致病真菌之间的相互作用奠定了基础。
