Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoicho, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi 263-8522, Chiba, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi 260-8670, Chiba, Japan.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Mar 1;24(5):1626. doi: 10.3390/s24051626.
An educational augmented reality auscultation system (EARS) is proposed to enhance the reality of auscultation training using a simulated patient. The conventional EARS cannot accurately reproduce breath sounds according to the breathing of a simulated patient because the system instructs the breathing rhythm. In this study, we propose breath measurement methods that can be integrated into the chest piece of a stethoscope. We investigate methods using the thoracic variations and frequency characteristics of breath sounds. An accelerometer, a magnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, a pressure sensor, and a microphone were selected as the sensors. For measurement with the magnetic sensor, we proposed a method by detecting the breathing waveform in terms of changes in the magnetic field accompanying the surface deformation of the stethoscope based on thoracic variations using a magnet. During breath sound measurement, the frequency spectra of the breath sounds acquired by the built-in microphone were calculated. The breathing waveforms were obtained from the difference in characteristics between the breath sounds during exhalation and inhalation. The result showed the average value of the correlation coefficient with the reference value reached 0.45, indicating the effectiveness of this method as a breath measurement method. And the evaluations suggest more accurate breathing waveforms can be obtained by selecting the measurement method according to breathing method and measurement point.
提出了一种教育增强现实听诊系统（EARS），通过模拟患者来增强听诊培训的真实性。由于系统指示呼吸节奏，传统的 EARS 不能根据模拟患者的呼吸准确地再现呼吸音。在本研究中，我们提出了可以集成到听诊器胸件中的呼吸测量方法。我们研究了使用胸件变化和呼吸音频率特征的方法。选择加速度计、磁传感器、陀螺仪传感器、压力传感器和麦克风作为传感器。对于磁传感器的测量，我们提出了一种方法，通过基于胸件变化使用磁铁检测伴随听诊器表面变形的磁场变化来检测呼吸波形。在呼吸音测量期间，计算内置麦克风获取的呼吸音的频谱。通过呼气和吸气期间呼吸音特征的差异获得呼吸波形。结果表明，与参考值的相关系数平均值达到 0.45，表明该方法作为呼吸测量方法的有效性。评估表明，根据呼吸方式和测量点选择测量方法可以获得更准确的呼吸波形。
