MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, China.
Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572000, China.
Development. 2024 Oct 15;151(20). doi: 10.1242/dev.202296. Epub 2024 Mar 13.
Teleost testis development during the annual cycle involves dramatic changes in cellular compositions and molecular events. In this study, the testicular cells derived from adult black rockfish at distinct stages - regressed, regenerating and differentiating - were meticulously dissected via single-cell transcriptome sequencing. A continuous developmental trajectory of spermatogenic cells, from spermatogonia to spermatids, was delineated, elucidating the molecular events involved in spermatogenesis. Subsequently, the dynamic regulation of gene expression associated with spermatogonia proliferation and differentiation was observed across spermatogonia subgroups and developmental stages. A bioenergetic transition from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration of spermatogonia during the annual developmental cycle was demonstrated, and a deeper level of heterogeneity and molecular characteristics was revealed by re-clustering analysis. Additionally, the developmental trajectory of Sertoli cells was delineated, alongside the divergence of Leydig cells and macrophages. Moreover, the interaction network between testicular micro-environment somatic cells and spermatogenic cells was established. Overall, our study provides detailed information on both germ and somatic cells within teleost testes during the annual reproductive cycle, which lays the foundation for spermatogenesis regulation and germplasm preservation of endangered species.
硬骨鱼的睾丸在年度周期中的发育涉及细胞组成和分子事件的巨大变化。在这项研究中，通过单细胞转录组测序，对处于不同阶段（退化、再生和分化）的成年黑岩鱼睾丸细胞进行了精细的分离。从精原细胞到精子的精子发生细胞的连续发育轨迹被描绘出来，阐明了精子发生过程中涉及的分子事件。随后，观察到与精原细胞增殖和分化相关的基因表达的动态调控，跨越了精原细胞亚群和发育阶段。在年度发育周期中，精原细胞从糖酵解到线粒体呼吸的能量代谢发生了转变，通过重新聚类分析揭示了更深层次的异质性和分子特征。此外，还描绘了支持细胞的发育轨迹，以及间质细胞和巨噬细胞的分化。此外，建立了睾丸微环境体细胞和生殖细胞之间的相互作用网络。总的来说，本研究为濒危物种的精子发生调控和种质保存提供了基础，详细描述了硬骨鱼睾丸在年度生殖周期中生殖细胞和体细胞的情况。
