Universidade Federal de Minas Gerias - UFMG, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology, and Clinical Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, School of Dentistry, Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Braz Oral Res. 2024 Mar 11;38:e020. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0020. eCollection 2024.
The aim of the present study was to compare the oral conditions of children with congenital Zika syndrome (CZS)-associated microcephaly, non-CZS-associated microcephaly, and normotypical children, as well as to characterize their sociodemographic aspects and medical history. A paired cross-sectional study was carried out on 14 children with CZS-associated microcephaly and 24 age-matched controls, in Belo Horizonte, in southeastern Brazil. Children's oral conditions were assessed: dental caries experience (dmft/DMFT indices); developmental defects of enamel (DDE) index; dental anomalies; mucosal changes; lip sealing, and malocclusion (overjet, overbite, and/or posterior crossbite alterations). The quality of oral hygiene was analyzed by the simplified oral hygiene index. The children's mothers also answered a questionnaire about sociodemographic and medical history data. The variables were analyzed descriptively. Female participants were more prevalent (60.5%), and the mean age of the participants was 4.9 years (±1.4) (range: 2-8 years) and 92.1% of their exhibited some oral condition. All participants with CZS-associated microcephaly showed absence of lip sealing and had malocclusion (100.0%). When compared to the other groups, children with CZS had a higher percentage of dental anomalies (35.7%), mucosal changes (71.4%), and unsatisfactory oral hygiene (64.3%). In a sample composed mainly of female participants aged less than 5 years, the prevalence of oral conditions and unsatisfactory oral hygiene was higher in the group with CZS-associated microcephaly, followed by the group with non-CZS-associated microcephaly. Normotypical children had the highest percentage of dental caries experience.
本研究旨在比较先天性寨卡综合征（CZS）相关小头畸形、非 CZS 相关小头畸形和正常儿童的口腔状况，并描述其社会人口学特征和病史。在巴西东南部贝洛奥里藏特进行了一项配对的横断面研究，纳入了 14 名 CZS 相关小头畸形儿童和 24 名年龄匹配的对照。评估了儿童的口腔状况：龋齿患病情况（dmft/DMFT 指数）；釉质发育不全（DDE）指数；牙齿异常；黏膜变化；唇闭合和错合（覆合、覆盖和/或后牙反合改变）。采用简化口腔卫生指数分析口腔卫生质量。儿童的母亲还回答了一份关于社会人口学和病史数据的问卷。对变量进行描述性分析。女性参与者更为常见（60.5%），参与者的平均年龄为 4.9 岁（±1.4）（范围：2-8 岁），92.1%的参与者存在某种口腔状况。所有 CZS 相关小头畸形儿童均存在唇闭合不良和错合（100.0%）。与其他组相比，CZS 儿童的牙齿异常比例更高（35.7%）、黏膜变化比例更高（71.4%）和口腔卫生状况较差比例更高（64.3%）。在主要由年龄小于 5 岁的女性参与者组成的样本中，CZS 相关小头畸形组的口腔状况和口腔卫生不良的患病率较高，其次是非 CZS 相关小头畸形组。正常儿童的龋齿患病情况比例最高。
