Hu Katherine, Cassimatis Maree, Girgis Christian
Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl. 2023 Dec 6;6(1):100313. doi: 10.1016/j.arrct.2023.100313. eCollection 2024 Mar.
This systematic review aims to determine the effects of exercise on bone and muscle health in men with low bone density.
An electronic search in the following databases was performed: Medline, AMED, Embase, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus between January 1940 and September 2021.
Randomized or non-randomized trials involving any form of exercise in adult men with a densitometric diagnosis of osteoporosis or osteopenia and reported outcomes relating to bone or muscle health. Two independent reviewers screened 12,018 records, resulting in 13 eligible articles.
One reviewer extracted data into a pre-formed table, including characteristics of the exercise intervention, population examined, and primary and secondary outcomes. Study quality was assessed by 2 independent reviewers using the Tool for assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in Exercise (TESTEX).
Thirteen publications, originating from 6 unique trials, were eligible for inclusion, which assessed the effect of resistance training, impact training, whole body vibration, and traditional Chinese exercises. Resistance training was the most effective: it stimulates the replacement of adipose tissue with muscle, and in some cases, improved bone density.
Exercise, especially resistance training, slowed down the natural progression of osteoporosis and sarcopenia in men. These benefits are reflected in enhancements to function, such as improved mobility and balance. Other exercise modalities, such as whole body vibration and traditional Chinese exercises, generated minimal improvements to bone health, strength, and balance.
本系统评价旨在确定运动对骨密度低的男性骨骼和肌肉健康的影响。
于1940年1月至2021年9月期间在以下数据库进行了电子检索：医学索引数据库（Medline）、联合和补充医学数据库（AMED）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（Embase）、Scopus数据库以及体育与运动科学数据库（SPORTDiscus）。
涉及对经骨密度测定诊断为骨质疏松症或骨质减少症的成年男性进行任何形式运动的随机或非随机试验，并报告与骨骼或肌肉健康相关的结果。两名独立的评审员筛选了12018条记录，最终得到13篇符合条件的文章。
一名评审员将数据提取到一个预先设计好的表格中，包括运动干预的特征、所研究的人群以及主要和次要结果。使用运动研究质量评估和报告工具（TESTEX）由两名独立的评审员对研究质量进行评估。
13篇来自6项独特试验的出版物符合纳入标准，这些研究评估了抗阻训练、冲击训练、全身振动和传统中式运动的效果。抗阻训练最为有效：它能促进肌肉替代脂肪组织，在某些情况下还能提高骨密度。
运动，尤其是抗阻训练，减缓了男性骨质疏松症和肌肉减少症的自然进展。这些益处体现在功能的改善上，如提高了活动能力和平衡能力。其他运动方式，如全身振动和传统中式运动，对骨骼健康、力量和平衡的改善甚微。
