Kumar S Mohan, Shreekrishna H K, Singi Yatiraj
Department of Pharmacology, BMCH and RC, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India.
Department of Forensic Medicine, BMCH and RC, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2024 Jan;13(1):151-156. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_743_23. Epub 2024 Feb 8.
Snakebites are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in India despite availability of anti-snake venom and the absence of a large number of highly venomous snakes. This may be attributed to treatment seeking behaviour of the population. The study aims to find out common clinical features, outcome, and delay in arrival time to the hospital in snakebite cases.
This is a cross-sectional retrospective record-based study among the patients presented with a history of snakebites to the Basaveshwara Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Chitradurga, conducted from 1 January 2019 to 31 January 2021.
Out of the 96 patients, the majority of snakebite victims were male and of an age group of 21-30 years. The most common site for snakebite was the lower limb, and about 57.2% of patients had visible fang marks. Among snake species identified, the most common was krait bites, followed by cobra bites. Neurotoxic envenomation manifestation and severe presentation were found in almost half (53.1%) of the cases. Almost half of the patients took 1-4 hours to arrive at the health facility. Surprisingly, only 35% cases arrived to the health care facility within an hour of snakebite. Most of the patients (82%) recovered with the treatment with very minimal fatality/mortality.
Although half of the patients presented with severe forms, only 35% of the patients arrived within an hour to the health care facility. This indicates the need for an information dissemination system to avoid severe disease as well as to prevent mortality.
尽管印度有抗蛇毒血清且没有大量剧毒蛇类，但蛇咬伤仍是发病和死亡的重要原因。这可能归因于民众的就医行为。本研究旨在找出蛇咬伤病例的常见临床特征、结局以及到达医院的延迟时间。
这是一项基于记录的横断面回顾性研究，研究对象为2019年1月1日至2021年1月31日期间前往奇特拉杜尔加巴萨韦什瓦拉医学院医院和研究中心就诊且有蛇咬伤病史的患者。
在96例患者中，大多数蛇咬伤受害者为男性，年龄在21至30岁之间。蛇咬伤最常见的部位是下肢，约57.2%的患者有可见的牙痕。在已识别的蛇种中，最常见的是金环蛇咬伤，其次是眼镜蛇咬伤。几乎一半（53.1%）的病例出现神经毒性中毒表现和严重症状。几乎一半的患者花了1至4小时才到达医疗机构。令人惊讶的是，只有35%的病例在蛇咬伤后一小时内到达医疗机构。大多数患者（82%）经治疗后康复，死亡率极低。
尽管一半的患者表现为严重症状，但只有35%的患者在一小时内到达医疗机构。这表明需要一个信息传播系统，以避免严重疾病并预防死亡。
