Barkoski J, Van Fleet E, Liu A, Ramsey S, Kwok R K, Miller A K
Social & Scientific Systems, Inc. a DLH Holdings Company Durham NC USA.
Department of Health and Human Services National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences National Institutes of Health Durham NC USA.
Geohealth. 2024 Mar 13;8(3):e2023GH000991. doi: 10.1029/2023GH000991. eCollection 2024 Mar.
Wildfires are increasing in frequency and intensity, with significant consequences that impact human health. A scoping review was conducted to: (a) understand wildfire-related health effects, (b) identify and describe environmental exposure and health outcome data sources used to research the impacts of wildfire exposures on health, and (c) identify gaps and opportunities to leverage exposure and health data to advance research. A literature search was conducted in PubMed and a sample of 83 articles met inclusion criteria. A majority of studies focused on respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes. Hospital administrative data was the most common health data source, followed by government data sources and health surveys. Wildfire smoke, specifically fine particulate matter (PM), was the most common exposure measure and was predominantly estimated from monitoring networks and satellite data. Health data were not available in real-time, and they lacked spatial and temporal coverage to study health outcomes with longer latency periods. Exposure data were often available in real-time and provided better temporal and spatial coverage but did not capture the complex mixture of hazardous wildfire smoke pollutants nor exposures associated with non-air pathways such as soil, household dust, food, and water. This scoping review of the specific health and exposure data sources used to underpin these studies provides a framework for the research community to understand: (a) the use and value of various environmental and health data sources, and (b) the opportunities for improving data collection, integration, and accessibility to help inform our understanding of wildfires and other environmental exposures.
野火发生的频率和强度都在增加，带来了影响人类健康的重大后果。我们进行了一项范围综述，以：（a）了解与野火相关的健康影响，（b）识别并描述用于研究野火暴露对健康影响的环境暴露和健康结果数据源，以及（c）识别利用暴露和健康数据推进研究的差距和机会。我们在PubMed上进行了文献检索，83篇文章的样本符合纳入标准。大多数研究聚焦于呼吸和心血管方面的结果。医院管理数据是最常见的健康数据源，其次是政府数据源和健康调查。野火烟雾，特别是细颗粒物（PM），是最常见的暴露测量指标，主要通过监测网络和卫星数据进行估算。健康数据无法实时获取，而且缺乏空间和时间覆盖范围，无法研究潜伏期更长的健康结果。暴露数据通常可以实时获取，提供了更好的时间和空间覆盖范围，但没有捕捉到危险的野火烟雾污染物的复杂混合物，也没有涵盖与土壤、家庭灰尘、食物和水等非空气途径相关的暴露。对这些研究中使用的特定健康和暴露数据源进行的这项范围综述，为研究界提供了一个框架，以了解：（a）各种环境和健康数据源的用途和价值，以及（b）改善数据收集、整合和可获取性的机会，以帮助增进我们对野火和其他环境暴露的理解。
