Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States.
Department of Neurology, Washington University, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.
Cereb Cortex. 2024 Mar 1;34(3). doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhae102.
Exacerbated negativity bias, including in responses to ambiguity, represents a common phenotype of internalizing disorders. Individuals differ in their propensity toward positive or negative appraisals of ambiguity. This variability constitutes one's valence bias, a stable construct linked to mental health. Evidence suggests an initial negativity in response to ambiguity that updates via regulatory processes to support a more positive bias. Previous work implicates the amygdala and prefrontal cortex, and regions of the cingulo-opercular system, in this regulatory process. Nonetheless, the neurodevelopmental origins of valence bias remain unclear. The current study tests whether intrinsic brain organization predicts valence bias among 119 children and adolescents (6 to 17 years). Using whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity, a machine-learning model predicted valence bias (r = 0.20, P = 0.03), as did a model restricted to amygdala and cingulo-opercular system features (r = 0.19, P = 0.04). Disrupting connectivity revealed additional intra-system (e.g. fronto-parietal) and inter-system (e.g. amygdala to cingulo-opercular) connectivity important for prediction. The results highlight top-down control systems and bottom-up perceptual processes that influence valence bias in development. Thus, intrinsic brain organization informs the neurodevelopmental origins of valence bias, and directs future work aimed at explicating related internalizing symptomology.
负性偏向加剧，包括对模糊性的反应，代表了内化障碍的一种常见表型。个体对模糊性的积极或消极评价存在差异。这种可变性构成了一个人的效价偏差，这是一个与心理健康相关的稳定结构。有证据表明，最初对模糊性的反应是消极的，通过调节过程来更新，以支持更积极的偏向。先前的工作表明，杏仁核和前额叶皮层以及扣带-眼动系统的区域参与了这一调节过程。然而，效价偏差的神经发育起源仍不清楚。本研究通过全脑静息态功能连接，测试了 119 名儿童和青少年（6-17 岁）的内在大脑组织是否能预测效价偏差。使用机器学习模型预测效价偏差（r=0.20，P=0.03），限制在杏仁核和扣带眼动系统特征的模型也可以预测效价偏差（r=0.19，P=0.04）。连接中断揭示了额外的内系统（例如额顶叶）和外系统（例如杏仁核到扣带眼动系统）连接对于预测很重要。结果强调了影响发展中效价偏差的自上而下的控制系统和自下而上的感知过程。因此，内在大脑组织为效价偏差的神经发育起源提供了信息，并指导了未来旨在阐明相关内化症状的工作。
