Department of Applied and Clinical Physiology, Collegium Medicum University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland.
Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland.
Front Immunol. 2024 Mar 1;15:1330386. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330386. eCollection 2024.
Chronic low-grade inflammation is an important aspect of morbidity and mortality in older adults. The level of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or IL-1β) is a risk factor in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and is also associated with sarcopenia and frailties. The objective of this study was to assess each cytokine: IL-6, TNF, and IL-1β separately in the elderly with comorbidities against controls without diseases according to the data published in the available literature.
The electronic bibliographic PubMed database was systematically searched to select all the relevant studies published up to July 2023. The total number of the subjects involved in the meta-analysis included patients with diseases (=8154) and controls (=33967).
The overall concentration of IL-6 was found to be higher in patients with diseases compared to controls and the difference was statistically significant, with a -value of <0.001 (SMD, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.12-0.19). The heterogeneity was considerable with Q = 109.97 (P <0.0001) and I = 79.2%. The potential diagnostic usefulness of IL-6 was confirmed by odds ratio (OR) analysis (OR: 1.03, 95% CI (1.01; 1.05), =0.0029). The concentration of both TNF and IL-1β was elevated in the control group compared to patients and amounted to SMD -0.03; 95% CI, -0.09-0.02, -value 0.533 and SMD-0.29; 95% CI, -0.47- -0.12; = 0.001, respectively. For TNF, however, the difference was statistically insignificant.
IL-6, unlike TNF and IL-1β, could be a useful and convenient marker of peripheral inflammation in older adults with various comorbidities.
慢性低度炎症是老年人发病率和死亡率的一个重要方面。循环中促炎细胞因子（白细胞介素 (IL)-6、肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF) 或 IL-1β）的水平是心血管和神经退行性疾病的危险因素，也与肌肉减少症和虚弱有关。本研究的目的是根据现有文献中已发表的数据，分别评估患有合并症的老年人与无疾病的对照组中每种细胞因子（IL-6、TNF 和 IL-1β）的水平。
系统检索电子文献书目 PubMed 数据库，以选择截至 2023 年 7 月发表的所有相关研究。荟萃分析中纳入的受试者总数包括患者（=8154 人）和对照组（=33967 人）。
与对照组相比，患有疾病的患者的总体 IL-6 浓度较高，差异具有统计学意义，值为 <0.001（SMD，0.16；95%CI，0.12-0.19）。异质性较大，Q 值为 109.97（P <0.0001），I ² 为 79.2%。通过优势比 (OR) 分析证实了 IL-6 的潜在诊断有用性（OR：1.03，95%CI（1.01；1.05），=0.0029）。与患者相比，对照组中 TNF 和 IL-1β 的浓度升高，SMD 值分别为-0.03；95%CI，-0.09-0.02，-值为 0.533 和 SMD-0.29；95%CI，-0.47- -0.12；=0.001。然而，对于 TNF，差异无统计学意义。
与 TNF 和 IL-1β 不同，IL-6 可能是患有各种合并症的老年人群外周炎症的有用且方便的标志物。
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