Parklak Wason, Kulprachakarn Kanokwan, Kawichai Sawaeng, Fakfum Puriwat, Jiraya Putita, Kijkuokool Praporn, Khiaolaongam Wiritphon, Chuljerm Hataichanok
Research Center for Non-Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
School of Health Sciences Research, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Diseases. 2025 Aug 13;13(8):258. doi: 10.3390/diseases13080258.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) is linked to increased cardiovascular risk, particularly in individuals with hypertension. This study examined the association between dietary patterns, lifestyle factors, and vascular inflammation among individuals with hypertension living in rural and peri-urban areas of Chiang Mai Province, Thailand.
A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted among 47 participants (23 rural, 24 peri-urban). Data on dietary intake, smoking, alcohol use, anthropometry, and blood chemistry were collected. Serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured. Partial correlation analysis was used to examine associations with lifestyle factors, adjusting for relevant covariates.
Peri-urban participants had significantly higher levels of ICAM-1 [83.0 vs. 50.1 ng/mL], VCAM-1 [639.3 vs. 376.5 ng/mL], and IL-6 [4.80 vs. 1.02 pg/mL] compared to rural participants. Rural individuals reported higher intakes of antioxidant-related nutrients (selenium, β-carotene, niacin, vitamins A, B6, and C), while peri-urban individuals had higher sugar intake. Sugar intake was positively associated with ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, whereas selenium and vitamin C were inversely associated with both ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, while vitamin B6 was inversely associated with VCAM-1 only. Although rural participants had a higher rate of current smoking (34.8% vs. 4.4%), smoking and alcohol use were not significantly associated with inflammatory markers.
Rural dietary patterns may be linked to reduced vascular adhesion molecule levels. Further studies with larger samples are warranted to clarify these associations and guide lifestyle strategies for managing vascular inflammation in PM-exposed individuals with hypertension.
背景/目的：暴露于细颗粒物（PM）与心血管疾病风险增加有关，尤其是在高血压患者中。本研究调查了泰国清迈省农村和城郊地区高血压患者的饮食模式、生活方式因素与血管炎症之间的关联。
对47名参与者（23名农村居民、24名城郊居民）进行了一项横断面试点研究。收集了饮食摄入、吸烟、饮酒、人体测量和血液化学数据。测量了血清细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）、血管细胞黏附分子-1（VCAM-1）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）。采用偏相关分析来检验与生活方式因素的关联，并对相关协变量进行了调整。
与农村参与者相比，城郊参与者的ICAM-1水平[83.0对50.1 ng/mL]、VCAM-1水平[639.3对376.5 ng/mL]和IL-6水平[4.80对1.02 pg/mL]显著更高。农村居民报告的抗氧化相关营养素（硒、β-胡萝卜素、烟酸、维生素A、B6和C）摄入量较高，而城郊居民的糖摄入量较高。糖摄入量与ICAM-1和VCAM-1呈正相关，而硒和维生素C与ICAM-1和VCAM-1均呈负相关，维生素B6仅与VCAM-1呈负相关。尽管农村参与者当前吸烟率较高（34.8%对4.4%），但吸烟和饮酒与炎症标志物无显著关联。
农村饮食模式可能与血管黏附分子水平降低有关。有必要进行更大样本量的进一步研究，以阐明这些关联，并指导针对暴露于PM的高血压患者管理血管炎症的生活方式策略。
