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以色列的入侵性杂草。

The Invasive Weed in Israel.

作者信息

Goldwasser Yaakov, Rabinowitz Onn, Achdary Guy, Kapiluto Omer, Abu-Nasser Jackline, Smirnov Evgeny, Eizenberg Hanan

机构信息

Valley Farmers Center Ltd., Migdal Haemek 2310001, Israel.

Northern Research and Development, Kiryat Shmona 1101600, Israel.

出版信息

Plants (Basel). 2024 Feb 14;13(4):518. doi: 10.3390/plants13040518.

DOI:10.3390/plants13040518
PMID:38498474
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10892209/
Abstract

L. (Aizoaceae), commonly known as desert horse purslane or black pigweed, is a C4 dicot succulent annual herb that is widespread in Southeast Asia, tropical America, Africa, and Australia. In Israel, it is an invasive weed of increasing importance in agricultural fields. The aim of this study was to investigate the biology of this invasive weed and its spread in the Hula Valley of Israel. Initial studies included the investigation of the specimens held at the Israel National Herbarium. On-site surveillance for the identification of weed infestation locations was conducted in the Hula Valley throughout 2019-2022, and an infestation map was assembled. In a study of the plant biology, greenhouse pot experiments revealed that seeds emerge best from the upper soil levels, and as seed depth increases, the emergence rate decreases, so that at 6 cm soil depth, there was no emergence. In controlled-environment growth chamber studies, there were no significant differences in germination with or without light. A maximum germination of 81% was observed for a 12 h night/day of 25/35 °C regime. Germination rates decreased with the decrease in temperature. A seed germination thermal time model that was developed for estimating the minimum temperature required for germination (T) computed this temperature to be 10 °C. This study revealed the biology, in particular seed germination and emergence requirements, of the invasive weed that has spread in the Hula Valley in Israel and beyond. Future research will focus on an examination of control measures to combat this invasive weed.

摘要

L.（番杏科），通常被称为沙漠马齿苋或黑猪草，是一种C4双子叶多汁一年生草本植物，广泛分布于东南亚、热带美洲、非洲和澳大利亚。在以色列，它是一种在农田中日益重要的入侵杂草。本研究的目的是调查这种入侵杂草的生物学特性及其在以色列胡拉谷的传播情况。初步研究包括对保存在以色列国家植物标本馆的标本进行调查。2019年至2022年期间，在胡拉谷进行了实地监测以确定杂草侵染地点，并绘制了侵染地图。在一项植物生物学研究中，温室盆栽试验表明，种子在土壤上层出苗情况最佳，随着种子深度增加，出苗率下降，因此在土壤深度为6厘米时，没有出苗。在可控环境生长室研究中，有光或无光条件下的发芽情况没有显著差异。在25/35°C的12小时夜间/白天温度 regime下，观察到最大发芽率为81%。发芽率随温度降低而下降。为估计发芽所需最低温度（T）而建立的种子发芽热时间模型计算出该温度为10°C。本研究揭示了在以色列胡拉谷及其他地区扩散的这种入侵杂草的生物学特性，特别是种子发芽和出苗要求。未来的研究将集中于研究防治这种入侵杂草的控制措施。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/2790d365676a/plants-13-00518-g014.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/9ec156e692d0/plants-13-00518-g001.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/c6939b6f611d/plants-13-00518-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/32e370853534/plants-13-00518-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/151682b5031a/plants-13-00518-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/bb2a62cea08c/plants-13-00518-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/8d350c4e8eaa/plants-13-00518-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/881c73595ae0/plants-13-00518-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/2790d365676a/plants-13-00518-g014.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/9ec156e692d0/plants-13-00518-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/e2c6706fbfaf/plants-13-00518-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/c0541ba421dd/plants-13-00518-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/75a397a78018/plants-13-00518-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/73fadb5dfcdf/plants-13-00518-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/68d9e45e6d15/plants-13-00518-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/9aebb31e518e/plants-13-00518-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/c6939b6f611d/plants-13-00518-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/32e370853534/plants-13-00518-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/151682b5031a/plants-13-00518-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/bb2a62cea08c/plants-13-00518-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/8d350c4e8eaa/plants-13-00518-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/881c73595ae0/plants-13-00518-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d878/10892209/2790d365676a/plants-13-00518-g014.jpg

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引用本文的文献

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本文引用的文献

1
Investigating the Phenotypic Plasticity of the Invasive Weed L.研究入侵杂草L.的表型可塑性
Plants (Basel). 2021 Dec 27;11(1):77. doi: 10.3390/plants11010077.
2
The impact of horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum L.) infestation on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] productivity in northern irrigated plains of Pakistan.巴基斯坦北部灌溉平原中马齿苋（Trianthema portulacastrum L.）侵害对大豆[Glycine max (L.) Merrill]生产力的影响。
PLoS One. 2021 Sep 20;16(9):e0257083. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257083. eCollection 2021.
3
Interference of horse purslane ( L.) and other weeds affect yield of autumn planted maize ( L.).
马齿苋（Portulaca oleracea L.）及其他杂草的干扰影响秋播玉米（Zea mays L.）的产量。
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Apr;28(4):2291-2300. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.023. Epub 2021 Jan 20.
4
Dose-Response Analysis Using R.使用R进行剂量反应分析。
PLoS One. 2015 Dec 30;10(12):e0146021. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146021. eCollection 2015.