Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2024 Jun;48(11):2210-2219. doi: 10.1007/s00266-024-03924-3. Epub 2024 Mar 18.
The extracellular matrix isolated from adipose tissue, known as acellular adipose matrix (AAM), represents a novel biomaterial. AAM functions as a scaffold that not only supports stem cell proliferation and differentiation but also induces adipogenesis and angiogenesis. This study aims to investigate the volumetric effects and microenvironmental changes associated with injectable AAM in comparison to conventional fat grafting.
AAM was manufactured from fresh human abdominoplasty fat using a mechanically modified method and then transformed into an injectable form. Lipoaspirate was harvested employing the Coleman technique. A weight and volume study was conducted on athymic nude mice by injecting either injectable AAM or lipoaspirate into the scalp (n=6 per group). After eight weeks, graft retention was assessed through weight measurement and volumetric analysis using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanning. Histological analysis was performed using immunofluorescence staining for perilipin and CD31.
Injectable AAM exhibited similar weight and volume effects in murine models. Histological analysis revealed comparable inflammatory cell presence with minimal capsule formation when compared to conventional fat grafts. Adipogenesis occurred in both AAM-injected and conventional fat graft models, with no significant difference in the blood vessel area (%) between the two.
In summary, injectable AAM demonstrates effectiveness comparable to conventional fat grafting concerning volume effects and tissue regeneration in soft tissue reconstruction. This promising allogeneic injectable holds the potential to serve as a safe and effective "Off-the-Shelf" alternative in both aesthetic and reconstructive clinical practices.
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从脂肪组织中分离出的细胞外基质，即去细胞脂肪基质（AAM），是一种新型生物材料。AAM 作为一种支架，不仅支持干细胞的增殖和分化，还诱导脂肪生成和血管生成。本研究旨在比较可注射 AAM 与传统脂肪移植的容积效果和微环境变化。
使用机械改良法从新鲜的人体腹部整形脂肪中制造 AAM，然后将其转化为可注射形式。采用科尔曼技术进行脂肪抽吸。将可注射 AAM 或脂肪抽吸物分别注射到无毛鼠头皮中，进行体重和体积研究（每组 n=6）。八周后，通过称重和微计算机断层扫描（micro-CT）扫描进行体积分析来评估移植物的保留情况。使用抗 perilipin 和 CD31 的免疫荧光染色进行组织学分析。
可注射 AAM 在小鼠模型中表现出相似的体重和体积效果。组织学分析显示，与传统脂肪移植相比，存在类似的炎症细胞，且包膜形成较少。AAM 注射和传统脂肪移植模型中均发生脂肪生成，两种模型之间血管面积（%）无显著差异。
总之，可注射 AAM 在软组织重建中的体积效果和组织再生方面与传统脂肪移植效果相当。这种有前途的同种异体可注射物有可能成为美容和重建临床实践中安全有效的“现成”替代物。
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