Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Department of Psychiatry, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2024 Aug;52(8):1221-1231. doi: 10.1007/s10802-024-01186-w. Epub 2024 Mar 19.
Certain personality traits and facets are well-known risk factors that predict first-onset depression during adolescence. However, prior research predominantly relied on self-reported data, which has limitations as a source of personality information. Reports from close informants have the potential to increase the predictive power of personality on first-onsets of depression in adolescents. With easy access to adolescents' behaviors across settings and time, parents may provide important additional information about their children's personality. The same personality trait(s) and facet(s) rated by selves (mean age 14.4 years old) and biological parents at baseline were used to prospectively predict depression onsets among 442 adolescent girls during a 72-month follow-up. First, bivariate logistic regression was used to examine whether parent-reported personality measures predicted adolescent girls' depression onsets; then multivariate logistic regression was used to test whether parent reports provided additional predictive power above and beyond self-reports of same trait or facet. Parent-reported personality traits and facets predicted adolescents' depression onsets, similar to findings using self-reported data. After controlling for the corresponding self-report measures, parent-reported higher openness (at the trait level) and higher depressivity (at the facet-level) incrementally predicted first-onset of depression in the sample. Findings demonstrated additional variance contributed by parent-reported personality measures and validated a multi-informant approach in using personality to prospectively predict onsets of depression in adolescent girls.
某些人格特质和方面是众所周知的风险因素，可预测青少年时期首次抑郁发作。然而，先前的研究主要依赖于自我报告的数据，而这些数据作为人格信息的来源存在局限性。来自亲密知情人的报告有可能提高人格对青少年首次抑郁发作的预测能力。由于可以方便地获取青少年在各种环境和时间的行为，父母可能会提供有关其子女人格的重要补充信息。在 72 个月的随访期间，使用基线时自我报告（平均年龄为 14.4 岁）和生物父母报告的相同人格特质和方面来前瞻性预测 442 名青春期女孩的抑郁发作。首先，使用双变量逻辑回归检验父母报告的人格测量是否预测了青春期女孩的抑郁发作；然后使用多元逻辑回归检验父母报告是否在自我报告的相同特质或方面之外提供了额外的预测能力。父母报告的人格特质和方面预测了青少年的抑郁发作，这与使用自我报告数据的发现相似。在控制了相应的自我报告措施后，父母报告的更高开放性（在特质水平上）和更高的抑郁性（在方面水平上）递增地预测了样本中抑郁的首次发作。研究结果表明，父母报告的人格测量提供了额外的差异，并验证了在使用人格来前瞻性预测青春期女孩抑郁发作时采用多信息源方法的有效性。
