Rozhl Chir. 2024;103(1):6-12. doi: 10.33699/PIS.2024.103.1.6-12.
Obesity is currently the most common multifactorial disease affecting almost all social strata of the population. Conservative therapy of obesity usually succeeds in reducing excess weight by an average of 10-15%. After surgical treatment of severe obesity (bariatric surgery), the average decrease in excess weight is several times greater and, in most cases, has a long-term positive effect on the overall clinical condition of the patients.
Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the most used bariatric method of treating severe obesity today. The principle of SG is a vertical resection of a major portion of the gastric greater curvature. After the resection, the residual stomach has the shape of a sleeve with a remaining volume of about 120-150 ml. The effect of the method is both restrictive and hormonal, because after SG, the plasma level of active ghrelin decreases in the long term, among other things.
Obesity is considered one of the most serious global health problems today. In 2018 a total of 696,191 bariatric procedures were performed worldwide. Sleeve gastrectomy was originally used in high-risk severely obese patients as the first stage of a duodenal switch (DS) or gastric bypass. Since 2003, this method has been used independently because for most of the patients, SG had a sufficient effect on weight reduction and improvement of comorbidities, and that is why since 2015, SG has become the most frequently used bariatric method.
肥胖症是目前最常见的影响几乎所有社会阶层人群的多因素疾病。肥胖症的保守治疗通常可以成功地将超重减少 10-15%。在严重肥胖症（减重手术）的外科治疗后，超重的平均减少量要大几倍，而且在大多数情况下，对患者的整体临床状况有长期的积极影响。
袖状胃切除术（SG）是目前治疗严重肥胖症最常用的减重方法。SG 的原理是垂直切除胃大弯的大部分。切除后，残余胃呈袖状，剩余容积约为 120-150ml。该方法具有限制和激素作用，因为 SG 后，活跃的生长激素释放肽的血浆水平会长期下降，等等。
肥胖症被认为是当今全球最严重的健康问题之一。2018 年，全球共进行了 696,191 例减重手术。袖状胃切除术最初用于高风险的严重肥胖患者，作为十二指肠转流术（DS）或胃旁路术的第一阶段。自 2003 年以来，由于 SG 对大多数患者的体重减轻和并发症改善有足够的效果，因此该方法已被独立应用，这也是自 2015 年以来 SG 成为最常用的减重方法的原因。
