Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Gujarat, India.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024 Mar 6;14:1348713. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1348713. eCollection 2024.
Sepsis is a potentially fatal condition characterized by organ dysfunction caused by an imbalanced immune response to infection. Although an increased inflammatory response significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of sepsis, several molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of sepsis are associated with increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and exhausted antioxidant pathways. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the involvement of ROS in the pathophysiology of sepsis and the potential application of antioxidants with antimicrobial properties as an adjunct to primary therapies (fluid and antibiotic therapies) against sepsis. This article delves into the advantages and disadvantages associated with the utilization of antioxidants in the therapeutic approach to sepsis, which has been explored in a variety of animal models and clinical trials. While the application of antioxidants has been suggested as a potential therapy to suppress the immune response in cases where an intensified inflammatory reaction occurs, the use of multiple antioxidant agents can be beneficial as they can act additively or synergistically on different pathways, thereby enhancing the antioxidant defense. Furthermore, the utilization of immunoadjuvant therapy, specifically in septic patients displaying immunosuppressive tendencies, represents a promising advancement in sepsis therapy.
脓毒症是一种潜在的致命病症，其特征是器官功能障碍，由感染引起的免疫反应失衡引起。虽然炎症反应的增加显著促进了脓毒症的发病机制，但脓毒症进展的几个分子机制与细胞活性氧（ROS）生成的增加和抗氧化剂途径的耗尽有关。这篇综述文章全面概述了 ROS 在脓毒症病理生理学中的作用，以及具有抗菌特性的抗氧化剂作为对脓毒症的主要治疗方法（液体和抗生素治疗）的辅助治疗的潜在应用。本文深入探讨了在各种动物模型和临床试验中探索的抗氧化剂在脓毒症治疗方法中的应用的优缺点。虽然抗氧化剂的应用被认为是抑制发生强烈炎症反应时免疫反应的潜在疗法，但使用多种抗氧化剂可能是有益的，因为它们可以在不同途径上相加或协同作用，从而增强抗氧化防御。此外，免疫佐剂治疗的应用，特别是在表现出免疫抑制倾向的脓毒症患者中，代表了脓毒症治疗的一个有前途的进展。
