Li Zhiwei, Luo Bin, Chen Yisheng, Wang Lingling, Liu Yezi, Jia Jintong, Chen Mengsi, Yang Shuting, Shi Haojun, Dai Lihua, Huang Lei, Wang Changmin, Liu Jia
Clinical Laboratory Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830001, China.
Fujian Key Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Toxicology, Medical College, Ningde Municipal Hospital, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China.
Mater Today Bio. 2025 Jul 4;33:102054. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102054. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by complex pathophysiology, including dysregulated immune responses, excessive inflammation, and oxidative stress, often leading to multi-organ failure and high mortality rates. Traditional therapies, such as antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents, face significant limitations due to issues like drug resistance and inadequate immune modulation. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have introduced innovative solutions by leveraging nanomaterial-based encapsulation systems for bioactive substances, including antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, and immunomodulators. These systems enhance the stability, bioavailability, and targeted delivery of therapeutic agents, addressing critical challenges in sepsis management. Key nanocarriers, such as lipid nanoparticles, polymer-based systems, and plant-derived exosomes, offer controlled release mechanisms and precise targeting capabilities, enabling superior therapeutic outcomes. Moreover, nanomaterials' multifunctional properties allow for simultaneous modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune responses, presenting a synergistic approach to sepsis therapy. However, challenges persist, including the potential toxicity of nanomaterials, scalability of production, and hurdles in clinical translation. This review comprehensively explores the transformative potential of nanotechnology in reshaping sepsis treatment strategies, highlighting its role in advancing precision medicine and its prospects for overcoming current therapeutic barriers.
脓毒症是一种危及生命的病症，其特征为复杂的病理生理学，包括免疫反应失调、过度炎症反应和氧化应激，常导致多器官功能衰竭和高死亡率。传统疗法，如抗生素和抗炎药，由于耐药性和免疫调节不足等问题面临重大局限。纳米技术的最新进展通过利用基于纳米材料的生物活性物质封装系统引入了创新解决方案，这些生物活性物质包括抗氧化剂、抗炎药和免疫调节剂。这些系统提高了治疗剂的稳定性、生物利用度和靶向递送能力，解决了脓毒症管理中的关键挑战。关键的纳米载体，如脂质纳米颗粒、聚合物基系统和植物来源的外泌体，提供控释机制和精确靶向能力，从而实现卓越的治疗效果。此外，纳米材料的多功能特性允许同时调节氧化应激、炎症反应和免疫反应，为脓毒症治疗提供了一种协同方法。然而，挑战依然存在，包括纳米材料的潜在毒性、生产的可扩展性以及临床转化中的障碍。本综述全面探讨了纳米技术在重塑脓毒症治疗策略方面的变革潜力，强调了其在推进精准医学中的作用及其克服当前治疗障碍的前景。
