Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
Nanoscale. 2024 Apr 18;16(15):7378-7386. doi: 10.1039/d3nr06333j.
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play crucial roles in the immunosuppressive solid tumor microenvironment (TME). Despite their tumor-promoting functions, TAMs can also be therapeutically modulated to exhibit tumor-killing properties, making them attractive targets for tumor immunotherapy. This review highlights the recent advances in nanomedicine-based strategies centered around macrophages for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. Emerging nanomedicine-based strategies to modulate TAMs in cancer treatment include repolarization of the TAM phenotype, inhibition of monocyte recruitment, depletion of TAMs, and blockage of immune checkpoints. These strategies have shown great promise in significantly improving the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Moreover, macrophage-inspired drug delivery systems have demonstrated significant promise in inducing immunotherapeutic effects and enhancing therapeutic efficacy by facilitating evasion from the reticuloendothelial system and promoting accumulation at the tumor site. Finally, we also discuss the challenges and propose future opportunities associated with macrophage-modulating nanomedicine to enhance cancer immunotherapy.
肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAMs）在免疫抑制性实体瘤微环境（TME）中发挥着关键作用。尽管 TAMs 具有促进肿瘤的功能，但也可以通过治疗手段调节其表型，使其具有杀伤肿瘤的特性，因此成为肿瘤免疫治疗的有吸引力的靶点。本综述重点介绍了基于纳米医学的以巨噬细胞为中心的策略在增强癌症免疫治疗方面的最新进展。用于调节癌症治疗中 TAMs 的新兴基于纳米医学的策略包括重极化 TAM 表型、抑制单核细胞募集、耗尽 TAMs 和阻断免疫检查点。这些策略在显著提高癌症免疫治疗的疗效方面显示出巨大的潜力。此外，受巨噬细胞启发的药物递送系统通过逃避网状内皮系统和促进在肿瘤部位积累，在诱导免疫治疗效果和提高治疗效果方面显示出巨大的潜力。最后，我们还讨论了与调节巨噬细胞的纳米医学相关的挑战，并提出了增强癌症免疫治疗的未来机会。
