Tian Yonggui, Zhang Liubo, Ping Yu, Zhang Zhen, Yao Chang, Shen Chunyi, Li Feng, Wen Chunli, Zhang Yi
Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2025 Jan 3;74(2):55. doi: 10.1007/s00262-024-03909-w.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy for solid tumors faces significant challenges, including inadequate infiltration, limited proliferation, diminished effector function of CAR T cells, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, we utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas database to identify key chemokines (CCL4, CCL5, and CCR5) associated with T cell infiltration across various solid tumor types. The CCL4/CCL5-CCR5 axis emerged as significantly correlated with the presence of T cells within tumors, and enhancing the expression of CCR5 in CAR T cells bolstered their migratory capacity. Furthermore, single-cell immunoprofiling of tumor tissues revealed that macrophages within the TME primarily interact with CD8 T cells, impeding their tumor response. However, CAR T cells engineered to secrete Interleukin (IL)-12 can counteract macrophage-mediated immunosuppression and augment T cell functionality. To address these obstacles, we employed esophageal carcinoma as a model to develop mesothelin-targeted CAR T cells co-expressing CCR5 and IL-12 (CARTmeso-5-12), subsequently assessing their antitumor capabilities in vitro and in vivo. The CARTmeso-5-12 cells demonstrated enhanced tumor infiltration due to overexpression of CCR5, and IL-12 secretion further amplified CAR T cell efficacy by attenuating the suppressive influence of tumor-infiltrating macrophages, thus improving tumor eradication.
用于实体瘤的嵌合抗原受体(CAR)T细胞疗法面临重大挑战,包括浸润不足、增殖受限、CAR T细胞效应功能减弱以及免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境(TME)。在本研究中,我们利用癌症基因组图谱数据库来确定与各种实体瘤类型中T细胞浸润相关的关键趋化因子(CCL4、CCL5和CCR5)。CCL4/CCL5-CCR5轴与肿瘤内T细胞的存在显著相关,增强CAR T细胞中CCR5的表达可提高其迁移能力。此外,肿瘤组织的单细胞免疫分析显示,TME中的巨噬细胞主要与CD8 T细胞相互作用,阻碍其肿瘤反应。然而,经工程改造分泌白细胞介素(IL)-12的CAR T细胞可以抵消巨噬细胞介导的免疫抑制并增强T细胞功能。为了解决这些障碍,我们以食管癌为模型,开发了共表达CCR5和IL-12的间皮素靶向CAR T细胞(CARTmeso-5-12),随后在体外和体内评估其抗肿瘤能力。CARTmeso-5-12细胞由于CCR5的过表达而表现出增强的肿瘤浸润,并且IL-12的分泌通过减弱肿瘤浸润巨噬细胞的抑制作用进一步放大了CAR T细胞的疗效,从而改善了肿瘤根除效果。
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