New York Medical College School of Medicine, 10595, Valhalla, NY, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 10032, New York, NY, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Mar 21;24(1):879. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18316-0.
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. While countries in the Arab world continue to lack public health data and be severely understudied in health research, previous research has shown that compared to 1990, CVDs had a higher burden of disease in the Arab World in 2010. Jordan, a middle-income Arab country, is profiled with unique attributes such as a dual-sector healthcare system, political stability, and its role as a haven for refugees and migrants. These distinctive factors emphasize Jordan's suitability as a case study. This investigation aims to quantify CVD burden in Jordan and identify risk factors, contributing to a broader understanding of health challenges in the Arab region and beyond.
The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) dataset was used to estimate prevalence, death, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) as age-standardized rates from 1990 to 2019. We calculated percentage change for nine specific CVDs and reported trends by gender and age groups. Additionally, data on twelve a priori selected behavioral, clinical, and environmental risk factors attributing to overall age-standardized CVDs DALY were reported per 100,00 population.
In 2019, the age-standardized CVD prevalence, death, and DALYs rates in Jordan were 7980 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 7629, 8360), 248 (95% UI 211, 288), and 4647 (95% UI 4028, 5388), respectively. Despite an increase in the absolute number of mortality and prevalence, between 1990 and 2019, the age-standardized prevalence, death, and DALYs rates all decreased by 5.5%, 45.1%, and 46.7%, respectively. In 2019, the leading risk factors contributing to overall age-standardized CVDs DALY per 100,000 population were high systolic blood pressure, high BMI, dietary risks, and high LDL cholesterol.
Despite decreasing burden rate of CVDs in Jordan between 1990 and 2019, CVDs remain the leading cause of mortality in Jordan, with an increase in the total number of prevalence and mortality. Overall, this contributes to increased healthcare costs. Further research is required to quantify the burden of CVDs and understand it better. Intervention measures and policies tailored to specific CVDs should be designed to reduce the burden of CVDs in Jordan.
心血管疾病（CVD）是全球范围内导致死亡的主要原因。尽管阿拉伯世界的国家缺乏公共卫生数据，在健康研究方面也严重缺乏研究，但先前的研究表明，与 1990 年相比，2010 年阿拉伯世界的 CVD 疾病负担更高。约旦是一个中等收入的阿拉伯国家，具有独特的属性，如双部门医疗保健系统、政治稳定以及作为难民和移民避难所的角色。这些独特的因素强调了约旦作为案例研究的适宜性。本研究旨在量化约旦的 CVD 负担并确定风险因素，以更广泛地了解阿拉伯地区及其他地区的健康挑战。
使用全球疾病负担（GBD）数据集来估计 1990 年至 2019 年的患病率、死亡率和残疾调整生命年（DALY），并作为年龄标准化率进行计算。我们计算了九个特定 CVD 的百分比变化，并按性别和年龄组报告了趋势。此外，还按每 100,000 人报告了归因于整体年龄标准化 CVD DALY 的 12 个事先选定的行为、临床和环境风险因素的数据。
2019 年，约旦的年龄标准化 CVD 患病率、死亡率和 DALY 率分别为 7980（95%不确定性区间[UI]7629，8360）、248（95%UI 211，288）和 4647（95%UI 4028，5388）。尽管 1990 年至 2019 年期间死亡率和患病率的绝对值有所增加，但年龄标准化的患病率、死亡率和 DALY 率分别下降了 5.5%、45.1%和 46.7%。2019 年，导致整体年龄标准化 CVD DALY 每 100,000 人归因的主要风险因素是高收缩压、高 BMI、饮食风险和高 LDL 胆固醇。
尽管 1990 年至 2019 年期间约旦的 CVD 负担率有所下降，但 CVD 仍然是约旦的主要死亡原因，患病率和死亡率的总数均有所增加。总的来说，这增加了医疗保健成本。需要进一步研究来量化 CVD 的负担并更好地了解它。应设计针对特定 CVD 的干预措施和政策，以减轻约旦的 CVD 负担。
