Poh Bee Koon, Ang Yeow Nyin, Yeo Giin Shang, Lee Yong Zhuan, Lee Shoo Thien, Chia Jasmine Siew Min, Wee Bee Suan
Nutritional Sciences Programme & Centre for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Dialogues Health. 2022 Mar 4;1:100006. doi: 10.1016/j.dialog.2022.100006. eCollection 2022 Dec.
With the high prevalence of hypertension, it is important to determine its predictors early. The aim of this study was to determine the association between blood pressure with anthropometric indices and birth weight among a population of Malay adolescents in Kuala Lumpur.
This cross-sectional study was carried out among 254 primary and secondary school adolescents aged 10 to 16 years. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were determined through standardized protocols, while participants' birth weight was obtained from birth certificate. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and a body shape index (ABSI) were calculated.
Boys had significantly higher weight, height, WC, WHtR and systolic blood pressure (SBP) than girls ( < 0.05). SBP was moderately correlated with body weight ( = 0.60), WC ( = 0.55), BMI ( = 0.54), height ( = 0.47), WHtR ( = 0.36) and WHR ( = 0.30). Moderate correlations were found between diastolic blood pressure (DBP) with BMI ( = 0.26), WC ( = 0.23) and body weight ( = 0.20). Participants with BMI > +1SD had higher odds of being prehypertensive or hypertensive (aOR 8.97; 95% CI 3.16, 25.48), followed by participants with WC ≥ 90th percentile (aOR 6.31; 95% CI 2.48, 16.01) and participants with WHtR > 0.5 (aOR 5.10; 95% CI 2.05, 12.69). Multiple linear regression showed BMI was positively associated with both SBP and DBP. No significant association was found between birth weight and BP.
BMI had the best predictive ability for SBP and DBP. These findings strongly emphasize the importance of primary prevention of hypertension in adolescents, especially among those with high BMI.
鉴于高血压的高患病率，尽早确定其预测因素很重要。本研究的目的是确定吉隆坡马来青少年人群中血压与人体测量指标及出生体重之间的关联。
这项横断面研究在254名年龄在10至16岁的中小学青少年中开展。通过标准化方案进行人体测量和血压测定，同时从出生证明获取参与者的出生体重。计算体重指数（BMI）、腰臀比（WHR）、腰高比（WHtR）和身体形状指数（ABSI）。
男孩的体重、身高、腰围、腰高比和收缩压（SBP）显著高于女孩（P<0.05）。收缩压与体重（r=0.60）、腰围（r=0.55）、体重指数（r=0.54）、身高（r=0.47）、腰高比（r=0.36）和腰臀比（r=0.30）呈中度相关。舒张压（DBP）与体重指数（r=0.26）、腰围（r=0.23）和体重（r=0.20）之间存在中度相关性。体重指数>均值+1标准差的参与者患高血压前期或高血压的几率更高（调整后比值比8.97；95%置信区间3.16, 25.48），其次是腰围≥第90百分位数的参与者（调整后比值比6.31；95%置信区间2.48, 16.01）和腰高比>0.5的参与者（调整后比值比5.10；95%置信区间2.05, 12.69）。多元线性回归显示体重指数与收缩压和舒张压均呈正相关。未发现出生体重与血压之间存在显著关联。
体重指数对收缩压和舒张压具有最佳预测能力。这些发现强烈强调了青少年高血压一级预防的重要性，尤其是在体重指数较高的人群中。
