Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Medical Unit of ENT, Hearing and Balance, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2024 Aug;281(8):4081-4087. doi: 10.1007/s00405-024-08567-3. Epub 2024 Mar 22.
Exploring a possible link between upper airway inflammation and the development of cholesteatoma by studying the association between mucosa-affecting diseases of the upper airways and cholesteatoma surgery.
This is a nationwide case-control study of 10,618 patients who underwent surgery for cholesteatoma in Sweden between 1987 and 2018. The cases were identified in the National Patient Register and 21,235 controls matched by age, sex and place of residency were included from national population registers. Odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the association between six types of mucosa-affecting diseases of the upper airways and cholesteatoma surgery.
Chronic rhinitis, chronic sinusitis and nasal polyposis were more common in cholesteatoma patients than in controls (OR 1.5 to 2.5) as were both adenoid and tonsil surgery (OR > 4) where the strongest association was seen for adenoid surgery. No association was seen between allergic rhinitis and cholesteatoma.
This study supports an association between mucosa-affecting diseases of the upper airways and cholesteatoma. Future studies should aim to investigate the mechanisms connecting mucosa-affecting diseases of the upper airways and cholesteatoma formation regarding genetic, anatomical, inflammatory and mucosa properties.
通过研究上呼吸道黏膜疾病与胆脂瘤手术之间的关联，探索上呼吸道炎症与胆脂瘤发生之间的可能联系。
这是一项在瑞典进行的全国性病例对照研究，共纳入了 1987 年至 2018 年间接受胆脂瘤手术的 10618 名患者。病例在全国患者登记处确定，21235 名年龄、性别和居住地匹配的对照来自全国人口登记处。使用比值比（OR）及其相应的 95%置信区间来评估六种上呼吸道黏膜疾病与胆脂瘤手术之间的关联。
与对照组相比，慢性鼻炎、慢性鼻窦炎和鼻息肉在胆脂瘤患者中更为常见（OR 1.5 至 2.5），腺样体和扁桃体手术也是如此（OR>4），其中腺样体手术的关联最强。过敏性鼻炎与胆脂瘤之间无关联。
本研究支持上呼吸道黏膜疾病与胆脂瘤之间的关联。未来的研究应旨在研究连接上呼吸道黏膜疾病和胆脂瘤形成的机制，包括遗传、解剖、炎症和黏膜特性。
