Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Graduate Program in Molecular Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Graduate Program in Molecular Pharmacology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Cell Signal. 2024 Jun;118:111149. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111149. Epub 2024 Mar 22.
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are two essential components of the cell surface that regulate physiological processes in the body. GPCRs are the most extensive family of transmembrane receptors that control cellular responses to extracellular stimuli, while GAGs are polysaccharides that contribute to the function of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Due to their proximity to the plasma membrane, GAGs participate in signal transduction by interacting with various extracellular molecules and cell surface receptors. GAGs can directly interact with certain GPCRs or their ligands (chemokines, peptide hormones and neuropeptides, structural proteins, and enzymes) from the glutamate receptor family, the rhodopsin receptor family, the adhesion receptor family, and the secretin receptor family. These interactions have recently become an emerging topic, providing a new avenue for understanding how GPCR signaling is regulated. This review discusses our current state of knowledge about the role of GAGs in GPCR signaling and function.
G 蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）和糖胺聚糖（GAG）是细胞表面的两个重要组成部分，调节着体内的生理过程。GPCR 是最广泛的跨膜受体家族，控制着细胞对外界刺激的反应，而 GAG 是多糖，有助于细胞外基质（ECM）的功能。由于它们靠近质膜，GAG 通过与各种细胞外分子和细胞表面受体相互作用参与信号转导。GAG 可以直接与某些 GPCR 或其配体（趋化因子、肽激素和神经肽、结构蛋白和酶）相互作用，这些配体来自谷氨酸受体家族、视紫红质受体家族、黏附受体家族和分泌素受体家族。这些相互作用最近成为一个新兴的话题，为了解 GPCR 信号如何被调节提供了一个新的途径。本文综述了我们目前对 GAG 在 GPCR 信号转导和功能中的作用的认识。
