Chrostek Emilia, Peralta Santiago, Fiani Nadine
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Mar 8;11:1373517. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1373517. eCollection 2024.
An understanding of the pulp cavity anatomy of individual teeth is essential for success during endodontic therapy. The objective of this study was to document pulp cavity anatomy and summarize numerical data of maxillary and mandibular canine teeth of domestic cats using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Thirty-nine canine teeth from eleven domestic cat cadaveric specimens were extracted and prepared for scanning. Segmentation of the pulp cavity was performed using the Avizo (v2022.2) software package. The morphological features of the pulp cavity including overall shape, configuration, presence of apical deltas and lateral canals was recorded. A quantitative analysis was performed on thirty-one teeth to explore associations between pulp cavity volume and length, apical delta length, maximum apical delta foramina number and cusp-to-tip length using a linear mixed model. Correlation between pertinent continuous variables was assessed using a Pearson's correlation test. Most pulp cavities exhibited varying curvature and ranged from a cylindrical configuration in the coronal third to an ovoid configuration in the middle to apical third. A ribbon-like flattened canal was observed in 6/31 teeth (19%). All canine teeth depicted an apical delta with various configurations except for two teeth that showed a single canal exiting at the apex. In 15/31 teeth (48%), the primary root canal within the apical delta could be clearly identified and in 16/31 (52%) the primary root canal was indiscernible. The results showed that the pulp cavities of maxillary canine teeth were significantly larger and longer and the cusp-to-tip length was longer, when compared to mandibular teeth. The apical delta length was negatively correlated to the volume of the pulp cavity. No specimens depicted lateral canals. This study revealed that the anatomy of the canine tooth pulp cavity in cats can vary considerably and should be a consideration when performing thorough debridement, shaping and obturation of the endodontic system.
了解单颗牙齿的髓腔解剖结构对于牙髓治疗的成功至关重要。本研究的目的是使用微型计算机断层扫描（micro-CT）记录家猫上颌和下颌犬齿的髓腔解剖结构并总结相关数值数据。从11只家猫尸体标本中提取了39颗犬齿并准备进行扫描。使用Avizo（v2022.2）软件包对髓腔进行分割。记录髓腔的形态特征，包括整体形状、结构、根尖分歧和侧支根管的存在情况。对31颗牙齿进行了定量分析，以使用线性混合模型探讨髓腔体积与长度、根尖分歧长度、最大根尖分歧孔数和牙尖至根尖长度之间的关联。使用Pearson相关检验评估相关连续变量之间的相关性。大多数髓腔呈现出不同程度的弯曲，从冠部三分之一处的圆柱形结构到中部至根尖三分之一处的卵形结构不等。在6/31颗牙齿（19%）中观察到带状扁平根管。除两颗牙齿根尖处有单一根管外，所有犬齿均呈现出不同结构的根尖分歧。在15/31颗牙齿（48%）中，可以清楚地识别根尖分歧内的主根管，而在16/31颗牙齿（52%）中主根管难以辨认。结果表明，与下颌牙齿相比，上颌犬齿的髓腔明显更大、更长，牙尖至根尖长度也更长。根尖分歧长度与髓腔体积呈负相关。没有标本显示有侧支根管。本研究表明，猫犬齿髓腔的解剖结构可能有很大差异，在对牙髓系统进行彻底清创、塑形和充填时应予以考虑。
