Rachina Svetlana, Zakharenkova Polina, Kozlov Roman, Palagin Ivan, Shishkina Ksenia, Strelkova Daria, Mamchich Daria
Internal Medicine Department #2, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Kolomensky passage 12/4, Moscow 119991, Russia.
Endocrinology Department, City Polyclinic No. 1, Kuibysheva 3, Bryansk 241035, Russia.
JAC Antimicrob Resist. 2024 Mar 21;6(2):dlae041. doi: 10.1093/jacamr/dlae041. eCollection 2024 Apr.
The study aimed to investigate behaviour, knowledge and practices towards antibiotic (AB) use among patients who purchased ABs with a prescription across Russia.
Semi-structured interviews conducted in all eight Federal Districts, Moscow and Saint Petersburg in 2022 by 21 researchers trained specifically for this study. Data were analysed using a directed content analysis approach.
In total, 151 respondents were interviewed. Respiratory symptoms were the most common reason for AB prescription. The majority of patients discussed their complaints with family members or friends before consulting the physician and occasionally looked for information on antimicrobial treatment on the internet. The decision to use an AB was usually made by the physician, although patients often anticipated its prescription. Respondents typically chose to go to the nearest drug store to pick up the medicines, not seeking any recommendation from the local pharmacists. The level of knowledge about the effects of ABs was generally low. In most cases, patients were not aware of antimicrobial resistance and rarely recalled any information campaigns targeting prudent AB use. Respondents admitted COVID-19 had an impact on their behaviour: they have become more caring towards their health, but less likely to seek medical care because of the risk of infection.
Our findings, in particular low awareness of the population about the effects of ABs and antimicrobial resistance, peculiarities of attitudes and behaviour (significant influence of the environment, tendency to self-diagnose, fairly high level of trust in doctors etc.) can be useful for the development of effective initiatives aiming for prudent AB use.
本研究旨在调查俄罗斯各地凭处方购买抗生素的患者在抗生素使用方面的行为、知识和做法。
2022年，由21名专门为本研究接受培训的研究人员在俄罗斯所有八个联邦区、莫斯科和圣彼得堡进行了半结构化访谈。采用定向内容分析法对数据进行分析。
总共采访了151名受访者。呼吸道症状是抗生素处方最常见的原因。大多数患者在咨询医生之前会与家人或朋友讨论自己的症状，偶尔也会在互联网上查找有关抗菌治疗的信息。使用抗生素的决定通常由医生做出，尽管患者常常预期会得到处方。受访者通常会选择去最近的药店取药，而不会寻求当地药剂师的任何建议。对抗生素作用的了解程度普遍较低。在大多数情况下，患者并不了解抗菌药物耐药性，也很少记得任何针对谨慎使用抗生素的宣传活动。受访者承认，新冠疫情对他们的行为产生了影响：他们对自己的健康更加关注，但由于感染风险而就医的可能性降低。
我们的研究结果，尤其是民众对抗生素作用和抗菌药物耐药性的低认识、态度和行为特点（环境的重大影响、自我诊断倾向、对医生的高度信任等），可有助于制定旨在促进谨慎使用抗生素的有效举措。
