Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey.
Department of Pathology, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey.
PeerJ. 2024 Mar 21;12:e17110. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17110. eCollection 2024.
The prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases is increasing, especially in developing countries, with adoption of Western-style diet. This study aimed to investigate the effects of two emulsifiers including lecithin and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) on the gut microbiota, intestinal inflammation and the potential of inulin as a means to protect against the harmful effects of emulsifiers.
In this study, male C57Bl/6 mice were divided into five groups (n:6/group) (control, CMC, lecithin, CMC+inulin, and lecithin+inulin). Lecithin and CMC were diluted in drinking water (1% w/v) and inulin was administered daily at 5 g/kg for 12 weeks. Histological examination of the ileum and colon, serum IL-10, IL-6, and fecal lipocalin-2 levels were analyzed. 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region amplicon sequencing was performed on stool samples.
In the CMC and lecithin groups, shortening of the villus and a decrease in goblet cells were observed in the ileum and colon, whereas inulin reversed this effect. The lipocalin level, which was 9.7 ± 3.29 ng in the CMC group, decreased to 4.1 ± 2.98 ng with the administration of inulin. and were lower in the CMC group than the control, while they were higher in the CMC+inulin group. In conclusion, emulsifiers affect intestinal health negatively by disrupting the epithelial integrity and altering the composition of the microbiota. Inulin is protective on their harmful effects. In addition, it was found that CMC was more detrimental to microbiota composition than lecithin.
炎症性肠病的发病率正在增加，尤其是在采用西式饮食的发展中国家。本研究旨在探讨两种乳化剂（包括卵磷脂和羧甲基纤维素（CMC））对肠道微生物群、肠道炎症的影响，以及菊粉作为一种防止乳化剂有害影响的手段的潜力。
本研究中，雄性 C57Bl/6 小鼠分为五组（n：6/组）（对照组、CMC、卵磷脂、CMC+菊粉和卵磷脂+菊粉）。卵磷脂和 CMC 稀释在饮用水中（1%w/v），菊粉每天以 5g/kg 剂量给药，共 12 周。分析回肠和结肠的组织学检查、血清 IL-10、IL-6 和粪便脂联素-2 水平。对粪便样本进行 16S rRNA 基因 V3-V4 区扩增子测序。
在 CMC 和卵磷脂组中，回肠和结肠的绒毛缩短，杯状细胞减少，而菊粉则逆转了这种作用。脂联素水平在 CMC 组中为 9.7±3.29ng，而在给予菊粉后降低至 4.1±2.98ng。与对照组相比，CMC 组的和降低，而 CMC+菊粉组则升高。总之，乳化剂通过破坏上皮完整性和改变微生物群组成对肠道健康产生负面影响。菊粉对其有害影响具有保护作用。此外，发现 CMC 对微生物群组成的有害影响大于卵磷脂。
