Institute of Toxicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Food Drug Anal. 2023 Dec 15;31(4):683-695. doi: 10.38212/2224-6614.3486.
Adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L.) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with various biological activities. We investigated the anti-diabetic effects of different parts of adlay seeds, including polished adlay (PA), adlay bran (AB) and dehulled adlay (DA) in a streptozotocin (STZ)/high fat diet (HFD) diabetic rat model (DM). DM rats supplemented with or without PA (43%), AB (3%), or DA (46%) diet for 8 weeks. The plasma glucose and insulin levels and the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were increased in DM group; among the three adlay diets, DA has the best effects attenuating all of these alterations in DM rats. Both AB and DA alleviated diabetes-impaired glucose tolerance. The increased hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase protein expression in DM group was improved by all of the three adlay diets. The increased ratio of glucose-6-phosphatase to glucokinase in DM group was suppressed by DA supplementation, further suggesting DA diet is most effective among the three diets. Both AB and DA diets had beneficial effects against hepatic steatosis, with better effects observed in DA group. These results suggest that the DA diet, composed of both polished adlay and adlay bran, possesses the best potential to improve glucose homeostasis, at least in part, by alleviating hepatic glucose metabolism and steatosis.
薏苡仁（Coix lachryma-jobi L.）是一种具有多种生物活性的传统中药。我们研究了薏苡仁不同部位（包括抛光薏苡仁（PA）、薏苡仁糠（AB）和脱壳薏苡仁（DA））在链脲佐菌素（STZ）/高脂饮食（HFD）糖尿病大鼠模型（DM）中的抗糖尿病作用。DM 大鼠补充或不补充 PA（43%）、AB（3%）或 DA（46%）饮食 8 周。DM 组的血浆葡萄糖和胰岛素水平以及胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）升高；在三种薏苡仁饮食中，DA 对 DM 大鼠的所有这些改变都有最佳的改善作用。AB 和 DA 均改善了糖尿病引起的葡萄糖耐量受损。所有三种薏苡仁饮食均改善了 DM 组肝磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶蛋白表达的增加。DA 补充抑制了 DM 组葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶对葡萄糖激酶的比值升高，这进一步表明 DA 饮食在三种饮食中最有效。AB 和 DA 饮食均对肝脂肪变性有有益的影响，DA 组的效果更好。这些结果表明，由抛光薏苡仁和薏苡仁糠组成的 DA 饮食具有改善葡萄糖稳态的最佳潜力，至少部分通过缓解肝葡萄糖代谢和脂肪变性。
