电抽搐治疗（ECT）的神经生物学机制和治疗影响。
Neurobiological mechanisms and therapeutic impact of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
机构信息
Doctoral School, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania;
出版信息
Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2024 Jan-Mar;65(1):13-17. doi: 10.47162/RJME.65.1.02.
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an efficient therapeutic resource for psycho-pharmacotherapeutic resistant forms of depression. ECT is a form of electrical brain stimulation involving the induction of a controlled seizure, clinically similar to an epileptic seizure, that is initiated in the prefrontal region of the brain and spreads to the cortex and subcortex, including the diencephalic structures. This is achieved by creating a transcranial electric field and synchronously depolarizing neuronal membranes. The mechanisms of action of ECT are not yet fully understood, but several hypotheses have been proposed to explain how it affects the brain: neurotransmitter changes, neuroplasticity, network connectivity, endocrine system regulation and changes in regional cerebral blood flow and regional metabolism.
摘要
电抽搐治疗（ECT）是一种针对精神药物治疗抵抗性抑郁症的有效治疗资源。ECT 是一种电刺激大脑的形式，涉及诱导受控的癫痫发作，临床类似于癫痫发作，它始于大脑的前额区域，并扩散到大脑皮层和皮质下，包括间脑结构。这是通过创建一个跨颅电场并同步去极化神经元膜来实现的。ECT 的作用机制尚未完全理解，但已经提出了几种假设来解释它如何影响大脑：神经递质变化、神经可塑性、网络连接、内分泌系统调节以及局部脑血流和局部代谢的变化。
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