Real-time ultrasound-guided thoracentesis simulation using an optical see-through head-mounted display: a proof-of-concept study.

AIM

This study aimed to examine the feasibility and potential benefits of an optical see-through head-mounted display (OST-HMD) during real-time ultrasound-guided thoracentesis simulations.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Six physicians performed a thoracentesis simulation using an OST-HMD and a wireless image transmission system. The time required, puncture needle visibility, pleural fluid collection success rate, and head movement during the procedure using a smart glass equipped with an inertial measurement unit were all recorded and compared with and without the HMD.

RESULTS

Study participants successfully extracted effusions in all procedures. The use of OST-HMD did not significantly affect the time of the procedure, but notably decreased the horizontal and vertical head movements during the procedure.

CONCLUSIONS

The study demonstrated the feasibility of using an OST-HMD in a simulated real-time ultrasound-guided thoracentesis procedure and showed the potential of HMD in thoracentesis to improve ergonomics and accuracy. Further research is necessary to confirm these findings.