Gastaldo Marco, Gokeler Alli, Della Villa Francesco
Education & Research Department, Isokinetic Medical Group, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Bologna, Italy.
Isokinetic Torino, Isokinetic Medical Group, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Torino, Italy.
Ann Jt. 2022 Oct 15;7:36. doi: 10.21037/aoj-21-32. eCollection 2022.
There is a paucity of studies in the literature pertaining about how to guide rehabilitation and return to sport (RTS) progression for football players that have sustained a lateral meniscus injury and subsequent surgery. These patients are clinically challenging. If they return to sport too soon, before the rehabilitation process is completed and RTS criteria have been met, functional outcomes could be non-optimal and/or associated with higher reinjury risk. The aims of this paper are (I) to provide a brief overview of the current trends in acute lateral meniscus tears surgery in football players and (II) to suggest a framework for clinicians on how to progress the player following lateral meniscus surgery. Post-operative rehabilitation approaches are different for meniscus repair and for the other surgical techniques. The main goal of all involved practitioners should be to balance the "short term success" with the "long term protection" of the athlete's health. Specific key goals and interventions in early-, mid-, and late-stage rehabilitation are provided. The most important principle is to manage the progressive increase in loading through multiple measurements including frequent medical control consultations and functional tests detailing movement quantity and quality. RTS monitoring needs to be comprehensive and interdisciplinary, incorporating state of the art tests, to achieve recovery of sport-specific fitness, optimal movement quality and on-field rehabilitation progression.
关于如何指导遭受外侧半月板损伤并接受后续手术的足球运动员进行康复及恢复运动（RTS）进程，文献中的相关研究较少。这些患者在临床上具有挑战性。如果他们在康复过程完成且达到RTS标准之前过早恢复运动，功能结果可能不理想和/或再次受伤风险更高。本文的目的是：（I）简要概述足球运动员急性外侧半月板撕裂手术的当前趋势；（II）为临床医生提供一个框架，说明如何在外侧半月板手术后推进运动员的恢复进程。半月板修复和其他手术技术的术后康复方法不同。所有相关从业者的主要目标应该是在运动员健康的“短期成功”和“长期保护”之间取得平衡。提供了早期、中期和后期康复的具体关键目标及干预措施。最重要的原则是通过包括频繁的医疗控制会诊和详细说明运动数量和质量的功能测试等多种测量方法来管理负荷的逐渐增加。RTS监测需要全面且跨学科，纳入先进的测试，以实现特定运动体能的恢复、最佳运动质量和场上康复进程。
