Ahmed Sharwany S, Ahmed Tartel, Abdalla Eltayeb G, Humidan Abubakr Ali M, Mohamed Abdalaziz Daffalla Ayat, Elgabani Abdelfatah T, Abdelrahem Mujtaba A, Bilal Tawasul, Ibrahim Azza A
Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, SDN.
Medicine, National University - Sudan, Khartoum, SDN.
Cureus. 2024 Feb 24;16(2):e54801. doi: 10.7759/cureus.54801. eCollection 2024 Feb.
The presence of preoperative ECG abnormalities has shown wide variation, and its value has been argued; thus, this study aimed to determine preoperative ECG abnormalities among Sudanese patients and their correlates.
An observational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Kuwaiti Specialised Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan, from October 2020 to March 2021, including all patients over 40 years of age who planned to undergo elective surgery. Demographic, clinical, and ECG findings were obtained during the pre-anaesthesia check-up. The data were analysed using IBM SPSS software version 28 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY).
The study included a total of 304 patients with a mean age of 60±14 years, a male predominance of 210 (69.1%) patients, the presence of hypertension (HTN) in 65 (21.4%), and diabetes mellitus (DM) in 58 (19.1%) patients. The study showed that 235 (77%) patients had at least one ECG abnormality. However, 62 (20.4%) were diagnosed as having normal ECG variations; the most commonly diagnosed abnormality was ischemic heart disease (IHD) (32.5%), followed by sinus tachycardia (39, 12.8%). The QRS complex abnormalities were the most common (100, 32.9%), with M-shaped QRS (RSR pattern) being the most common single ECG abnormal sign (65, 21.4%). The ECG abnormalities showed no significant association with age (p-value = 0.24), gender (p-value = 0.16), DM (p-value = 0.77), HTN (p-value = 0.35), asthma (p-value = 0.35), or the grade of surgery (p-value = 0.52). However, the diagnosis of IHD was associated with the presence of HTN (p-value = 0.001).
Incidental preoperative ECG abnormalities are common among Sudanese patients undergoing elective surgery, affecting more than three-quarters of them and being of diagnostic value as they led to the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease in nearly one-third of patients. Hypertensive patients may benefit from routine preoperative ECG testing, as ECG signs of ischemic heart disease are more common among hypertensive patients.
术前心电图异常的情况差异很大，其价值也存在争议；因此，本研究旨在确定苏丹患者术前心电图异常情况及其相关因素。
2020年10月至2021年3月在苏丹喀土穆的科威特专科医院进行了一项观察性描述性横断面研究，纳入所有计划接受择期手术的40岁以上患者。在麻醉前检查期间获取人口统计学、临床和心电图检查结果。使用IBM SPSS软件28版（IBM公司，纽约州阿蒙克）对数据进行分析。
该研究共纳入304例患者，平均年龄为60±14岁，男性占主导，有210例（69.1%），65例（21.4%）患有高血压（HTN），58例（19.1%）患有糖尿病（DM）。研究表明，235例（77%）患者至少有一项心电图异常。然而，62例（20.4%）被诊断为心电图变异正常；最常诊断出的异常是缺血性心脏病（IHD）（32.5%），其次是窦性心动过速（39例，12.8%）。QRS波群异常最为常见（100例，32.9%），M型QRS波（RSR型）是最常见的单一心电图异常体征（65例，21.4%）。心电图异常与年龄（p值 = 0.24）、性别（p值 = 0.16）、DM（p值 = 0.77）、HTN（p值 = 0.35）、哮喘（p值 = 0.35）或手术分级（p值 = 0.52）均无显著关联。然而，IHD的诊断与HTN的存在相关（p值 = 0.001）。
在接受择期手术的苏丹患者中，术前偶然出现的心电图异常很常见，超过四分之三的患者受其影响，并且具有诊断价值，因为它导致近三分之一的患者被诊断出患有缺血性心脏病。高血压患者可能从常规术前心电图检查中受益，因为缺血性心脏病的心电图体征在高血压患者中更为常见。
