预防高危家庭中的冠心病。

Preventing coronary heart disease in high-risk families.

作者信息

McCance K L, Eutropius L, Jacobs M K, Williams R R

出版信息

Res Nurs Health. 1985 Dec;8(4):413-20. doi: 10.1002/nur.4770080414.

Abstract

A preventive nursing intervention to reduce coronary heart disease (CHD) risk was tested. The sample was 19 families composed of 58 first-degreed relatives of young (age 30-55 years) victims of sudden cardiac death. Families were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. The intervention at 3-5 months postdeath focused on assessment of health history, health behaviors, health beliefs, informing and educating about CHD risk factors, and methods for detecting and reducing these factors. The control group received mailed questionnaires and no intervention. The subject's reduction of CHD risk was measured at 7 months by changes in high risk CHD behaviors, changes in health beliefs, and adherence to screening for serum cholesterol and blood pressure determination. Analysis of covariance (covarying age and pretest scores) demonstrated no differences between groups for health beliefs; however, significant differences for health beliefs existed between the sibling subgroups. The intervention was correlated with a significant reduction in alcohol intake. Reductions in high fat meat consumption were in the desired direction. Greater percentages of subjects in the intervention group obtained blood pressure and cholesterol screening.

摘要

一项旨在降低冠心病（CHD）风险的预防性护理干预措施进行了测试。样本为19个家庭，由58名年轻（年龄在30至55岁之间）心脏性猝死受害者的一级亲属组成。这些家庭被随机分为对照组和实验组。在死亡后3至5个月进行的干预措施重点在于评估健康史、健康行为、健康信念，告知并教育冠心病风险因素，以及检测和降低这些因素的方法。对照组收到邮寄的问卷且未接受干预。在7个月时，通过高风险冠心病行为的变化、健康信念的变化以及对血清胆固醇筛查和血压测定的依从性来衡量受试者冠心病风险的降低情况。协方差分析（对年龄和预测试分数进行协变量调整）表明，两组在健康信念方面没有差异；然而，在兄弟姐妹亚组之间，健康信念存在显著差异。该干预措施与酒精摄入量的显著减少相关。高脂肪肉类消费的减少朝着预期方向发展。干预组中更大比例的受试者进行了血压和胆固醇筛查。