Weon Seung Hyeon, Na Yuhyeon, Han Jiwoo, Lee Jeong Woo, Kim Hyung Joo, Park Saerom, Lee Sang Hyun
Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
Gels. 2024 Mar 16;10(3):200. doi: 10.3390/gels10030200.
In this study, cellulose/FeO hydrogel microbeads were prepared through the sol-gel transition of a solvent-in-oil emulsion using various cellulose-dissolving solvents and soybean oil without surfactants. Particularly, 40% tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAH) and 40% tetrabutylphosphonium hydroxide (TBPH) dissolved cellulose at room temperature and effectively dispersed FeO, forming cellulose/FeO microbeads with an average diameter of ~15 µm. Additionally, these solvents co-dissolved cellulose and silk, allowing for the manufacture of cellulose/silk/FeO hydrogel microbeads with altered surface characteristics. Owing to the negatively charged surface characteristics, the adsorption capacity of the cellulose/silk/FeO microbeads for the cationic dye crystal violet was >10 times higher than that of the cellulose/FeO microbeads. When prepared with TBAH, the initial adsorption rate of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the cellulose/silk/FeO microbeads was 18.1 times higher than that on the cellulose/FeO microbeads. When preparing TBPH, the equilibrium adsorption capacity of the cellulose/silk/FeO microbeads for BSA (1.6 g/g) was 8.5 times higher than that of the cellulose/FeO microbeads. The pH-dependent BSA release from the cellulose/silk/FeO microbeads prepared with TBPH revealed 6.1-fold slower initial desorption rates and 5.2-fold lower desorption amounts at pH 2.2 than those at pH 7.4. Cytotoxicity tests on the cellulose and cellulose/silk composites regenerated with TBAH and TBPH yielded nontoxic results. Therefore, cellulose/silk/FeO microbeads are considered suitable pH-responsive supports for orally administered protein pharmaceuticals.
在本研究中,纤维素/FeO水凝胶微珠是通过油包水乳液的溶胶-凝胶转变,使用各种纤维素溶解溶剂和大豆油在无表面活性剂的情况下制备的。特别地,40%的氢氧化四丁铵(TBAH)和40%的氢氧化四丁鏻(TBPH)在室温下溶解纤维素并有效分散FeO,形成平均直径约为15 µm的纤维素/FeO微珠。此外,这些溶剂能共同溶解纤维素和丝,从而制造出具有改变的表面特性的纤维素/丝/FeO水凝胶微珠。由于带负电荷的表面特性,纤维素/丝/FeO微珠对阳离子染料结晶紫的吸附能力比纤维素/FeO微珠高10倍以上。当用TBAH制备时,纤维素/丝/FeO微珠上牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的初始吸附速率比纤维素/FeO微珠上高18.1倍。当用TBPH制备时,纤维素/丝/FeO微珠对BSA的平衡吸附容量(1.6 g/g)比纤维素/FeO微珠高8.5倍。用TBPH制备的纤维素/丝/FeO微珠中BSA的pH依赖性释放显示,在pH 2.2时的初始解吸速率比pH 7.4时慢6.1倍,解吸量低5.2倍。对用TBAH和TBPH再生的纤维素和纤维素/丝复合材料进行的细胞毒性测试产生了无毒结果。因此,纤维素/丝/FeO微珠被认为是口服蛋白质药物合适的pH响应载体。