Hao Zhong-Ping, Sheng Lei, Feng Zeng-Bei, Fei Wei-Xin, Hou Shu-Min
Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
J Fungi (Basel). 2024 Mar 6;10(3):202. doi: 10.3390/jof10030202.
Aphids and Sclerotinia stem rot in oilseed rape are often studied in isolation, and their relationship is rarely explored. Our field studies have revealed a significant positive correlation between the number of aphids and the incidence of Sclerotinia stem rot. Hence, starting with the colonizing stages of the two pests, was assessed for its potential to acquire, transmit, and inoculate by being sprayed with an ascospore suspension. Moreover, distinctions in aphid feeding behavior were examined between aphids on inoculated/uninoculated winter and spring oilseed rape plants or aphids, both with and without ascospores, using electropenetrography (EPG). The results showed that aphid feeding followed by dropping ascospore suspension significantly increased the incidence of . Ascospores were able to adhere to aphids and were carried by aphids to healthy plants, causing disease. The results of the EPG analysis indicated that aphid feeding behavior was significantly altered in all leaf tissue levels following infection with . Specifically, aphids initiated their first puncture significantly sooner, began probing mesophyll cells earlier, had a significantly shorter pathway duration, and secreted saliva more frequently but reduced salivation prior to feeding and ingestion compared to aphids feeding on uninfected oilseed rape. Additionally, the feeding behavior of aphids carrying ascospores was markedly different from that of aphids not carrying ascospores, implying that ascospores directly influence aphid feeding behavior but that this influence appeared to be beneficial only for infection. Aphids carrying ascospores started to puncture cells more quickly, with a significant increase in the frequency and duration of short probes and cell punctures, shortened pathway durations, and reduced salivation before feeding compared to aphids not carrying ascospores. It is clear that there is an interaction between aphids and . The impact of on aphid feeding behavior is directional, favoring the spread of the fungus.
油菜中的蚜虫和核盘菌茎腐病通常是分开研究的，它们之间的关系很少被探讨。我们的田间研究表明，蚜虫数量与核盘菌茎腐病的发病率之间存在显著的正相关。因此，从这两种害虫的定殖阶段开始，通过用子囊孢子悬浮液喷雾来评估其获取、传播和接种[核盘菌]的潜力。此外，使用刺吸电位图（EPG）研究了接种/未接种的冬油菜和春油菜植株上的蚜虫，以及携带和未携带子囊孢子的蚜虫之间在取食行为上的差异。结果表明，蚜虫取食后滴加子囊孢子悬浮液显著增加了[核盘菌茎腐病]的发病率。子囊孢子能够附着在蚜虫身上，并被蚜虫携带到健康植株上，引发病害。EPG分析结果表明，感染[核盘菌]后，蚜虫在所有叶片组织水平上的取食行为都发生了显著改变。具体而言，与取食未感染油菜的蚜虫相比，感染后的蚜虫首次穿刺显著提前，更早开始探测叶肉细胞，路径持续时间显著缩短，唾液分泌更频繁，但在取食和摄食前的唾液分泌减少。此外，携带子囊孢子的蚜虫的取食行为与未携带子囊孢子的蚜虫明显不同，这意味着子囊孢子直接影响蚜虫的取食行为，但这种影响似乎仅对[核盘菌]感染有益。与未携带子囊孢子的蚜虫相比，携带子囊孢子的蚜虫开始更快地穿刺细胞，短探针和细胞穿刺的频率和持续时间显著增加，路径持续时间缩短，取食前的唾液分泌减少。显然，蚜虫和[核盘菌]之间存在相互作用。[核盘菌]对蚜虫取食行为的影响是有方向性的，有利于真菌的传播。
