Słota Dagmara, Jampilek Josef, Sobczak-Kupiec Agnieszka
Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, Poland.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.
J Funct Biomater. 2024 Mar 1;15(3):62. doi: 10.3390/jfb15030062.
Coating materials offers an intriguing solution for imparting inert implants with additional bioactive characteristics without changing underlying parameters such as mechanical strength. Metallic implants like endoprostheses or polymeric implants can be coated with a thin layer of bioactive film capable of stimulating bone-forming cells to proliferate or release a drug. However, irrespective of the final implantation site of such a coating biomaterial, it is necessary to conduct detailed mechanical and physicochemical in vitro analyses to determine its likely behavior under biological conditions. In this study, polymeric and composite coatings with hydroxyapatite obtained under UV light underwent incubation tests in four different artificial biological fluids: simulated body fluid (SBF), artificial saliva, Ringer's fluid, and water (as the reference fluid). The potentiometric and conductometric properties, sorption capacity, and degradation rate of the coatings were examined. Furthermore, their hardness, modulus of elasticity, and deformation were determined. It was demonstrated that the coatings remained stable in SBF liquid at a pH value of around 7.4. In artificial saliva, the greatest degradation of the polymer matrix (ranging between 36.19% and 39.79%) and chipping of hydroxyapatite in the composite coatings were observed. Additionally, the effect of ceramics on sorption capacity was determined, with lower capacity noted with higher HA additions. Moreover, the evaluation of surface morphology supported by elemental microanalysis confirmed the appearance of new apatite layers on the surface as a result of incubation in SBF. Ceramics also influenced mechanical aspects, increasing hardness and modulus of elasticity. For the polymer coatings, the value was 11.48 ± 0.61, while for the composite coating with 15% ceramics, it increased more than eightfold to a value of 93.31 ± 11.18 N/mm. Based on the conducted studies, the effect of ceramics on the physicochemical as well as mechanical properties of the materials was determined, and their behavior in various biological fluids was evaluated. However, further studies, especially cytotoxicity analyses, are required to determine the potential use of the coatings as biomaterials.
涂层材料为赋予惰性植入物额外的生物活性特性提供了一种引人入胜的解决方案，同时又不改变诸如机械强度等基本参数。像内置假体这样的金属植入物或聚合物植入物可以涂上一层薄薄的生物活性膜，这种膜能够刺激成骨细胞增殖或释放药物。然而，无论这种涂层生物材料最终的植入部位如何，都有必要进行详细的体外机械和物理化学分析，以确定其在生物条件下可能的行为。在本研究中，在紫外光下获得的含羟基磷灰石的聚合物和复合涂层在四种不同的人工生物流体中进行了孵育测试：模拟体液（SBF）、人工唾液、林格氏液和水（作为参考流体）。检测了涂层的电位和电导性质、吸附能力以及降解速率。此外，还测定了它们的硬度、弹性模量和变形情况。结果表明，涂层在pH值约为7.4的SBF液体中保持稳定。在人工唾液中，观察到聚合物基体的降解最为严重（降解率在36.19%至39.79%之间），复合涂层中的羟基磷灰石出现剥落。此外，还确定了陶瓷对吸附能力的影响，添加量越高，吸附能力越低。此外，通过元素微分析支持的表面形态评估证实，由于在SBF中孵育，表面出现了新的磷灰石层。陶瓷也影响了机械性能，提高了硬度和弹性模量。对于聚合物涂层，该值为11.48±0.61，而对于含15%陶瓷的复合涂层，该值增加了八倍多，达到93.31±11.18 N/mm。基于所进行的研究，确定了陶瓷对材料物理化学和机械性能的影响，并评估了它们在各种生物流体中的行为。然而，需要进一步的研究，特别是细胞毒性分析，以确定这些涂层作为生物材料的潜在用途。
