Luo Fang, Ling Tial C, Wickham Jacob D, Bibi Farkhanda, Gouveia Ana
CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China.
Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701-2979, USA.
Insects. 2024 Feb 29;15(3):166. doi: 10.3390/insects15030166.
(1) Background: Understanding the relationship between community assembly and species coexistence is key to understanding ecosystem diversity. Despite the importance of wood-boring longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) in forests, factors affecting their population dynamics, species richness, and ecological interactions remain underexplored. (2) Methods: We surveyed cerambycid beetles and plants within five plots each across three transects in tropical rainforests and temperate forests of Yunnan, China, known for its rich biodiversity and varied elevation gradients. We explored a range of analytical tools, including -diversity comparisons, distance-decay relationships, redundancy analysis, -dissimilarity metrics, and various neutral community model analyses. (3) Results: The results revealed a stark contrast between the two forest types: the tropical rainforests hosted 212 Cerambycidae and 135 tree species, whereas the temperate forests had only 16 Cerambycidae and 18 tree species. This disparity was attributed to differences in environmental heterogeneity and dispersal limitations. In temperate forests, pronounced environmental variability leads to steeper distance-decay relationships and reduced α-diversity of Cerambycidae, implying stronger dispersal constraints and weaker plant-beetle associations. Conversely, the more homogenous tropical rainforests exhibited stochastic processes that enhanced Cerambycidae diversity and plant-beetle interactions. (4) Conclusions: Our findings underscore that environmental heterogeneity, dispersal limitations, and host-specificity are pivotal in shaping biodiversity patterns in Cerambycidae, with significant variations across climatic zones.
（1）背景：了解群落组装与物种共存之间的关系是理解生态系统多样性的关键。尽管蛀木天牛（天牛科）在森林中具有重要意义，但影响其种群动态、物种丰富度和生态相互作用的因素仍未得到充分研究。（2）方法：我们在中国云南的热带雨林和温带森林中，沿着三个样带，在五个样地中分别调查了天牛和植物。云南以其丰富的生物多样性和多样的海拔梯度而闻名。我们探索了一系列分析工具，包括多样性比较、距离衰减关系、冗余分析、相异性度量以及各种中性群落模型分析。（3）结果：结果显示两种森林类型之间存在鲜明对比：热带雨林中有212种天牛和135种树木，而温带森林中只有16种天牛和18种树木。这种差异归因于环境异质性和扩散限制的不同。在温带森林中，明显的环境变异性导致距离衰减关系更陡峭，天牛的α多样性降低，这意味着扩散限制更强，植物与天牛的关联更弱。相反，更为均质的热带雨林表现出随机过程，增强了天牛的多样性以及植物与天牛的相互作用。（4）结论：我们的研究结果强调，环境异质性、扩散限制和寄主特异性在塑造天牛的生物多样性模式中起着关键作用，且在不同气候带存在显著差异。
