De Prekel Lotte, Maes Dominiek, Van den Broeke Alice, Ampe Bart, Aluwé Marijke
Unit of Porcine Health Management, Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Vet Sci. 2024 Mar 1;11(3):110. doi: 10.3390/vetsci11030110.
Heat stress in pigs negatively affects welfare, health, and performance. Osmoprotectants and antioxidants may alleviate oxidative damage during hot periods. We investigated whether an additive-enriched feed can reduce negative effects in pigs during summer conditions. Sixty growing-finishing pigs were allocated into two groups: the control (CF) and summer feed (SF) group. The CF group contained 0.4 mg/kg inorganic selenium and 100 ppm vitamin E, while the SF group contained 0.3 mg/kg inorganic selenium, 0.1 mg/kg selenomethionine, 200 ppm vitamins E and C, and 0.2% betaine. Feed was offered ad libitum. Respiration rate, rectal and skin temperature, behaviour, and weight gain were assessed weekly. Daily measurements of these parameters were performed during a 3-day heat wave (temperature humidity index (THI) ≥ 75) and during an artificial heating period. Individual average daily water intake (ADWI) and feed intake were measured using RFID systems. The ADWI of the SF group did not change during heat load while it increased for the CF group. Independent of dietary treatment, increases in ∆THI or the THI were accompanied by significant increases in both respiration rate and skin temperature. In conclusion, the SF may induce a reduced need to increase ADWI during hot periods. In addition, mainly skin temperatures and especially respiration rates revealed the sensitivity of pigs to heat stress.
猪的热应激会对其福利、健康和性能产生负面影响。渗透保护剂和抗氧化剂可能会减轻炎热时期的氧化损伤。我们研究了一种富含添加剂的饲料是否能减少夏季条件下猪的负面影响。将60头生长育肥猪分为两组：对照组（CF）和夏季饲料组（SF）。CF组含有0.4毫克/千克无机硒和100毫克/千克维生素E，而SF组含有0.3毫克/千克无机硒、0.1毫克/千克硒代蛋氨酸、200毫克/千克维生素E和C以及0.2%甜菜碱。自由采食饲料。每周评估呼吸频率、直肠和皮肤温度、行为及体重增加情况。在为期3天的热浪期间（温度湿度指数（THI）≥75）以及人工加热期间对这些参数进行每日测量。使用射频识别系统测量个体平均每日饮水量（ADWI）和采食量。热负荷期间SF组的ADWI没有变化，而CF组的ADWI增加。与日粮处理无关，∆THI或THI的增加伴随着呼吸频率和皮肤温度的显著增加。总之，SF可能会降低炎热时期增加ADWI的需求。此外，主要是皮肤温度，尤其是呼吸频率显示出猪对热应激的敏感性。
