Oakey-Frost Nicolas, Trachik Benjamin, Ganulin Michelle L, LoPresti Mathew L, Dretsch Michael N, Tucker Raymond P
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
US Army Medical Research Directorate-West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington.
Mil Psychol. 2021 Apr 13;34(3):305-314. doi: 10.1080/08995605.2021.1902180. eCollection 2022.
The suicide rate within the military continues to rise. New approaches for prevention are needed which capitalize on existing strengths, are scalable at multiple levels, and promote mental fortitude. Healthy eating (HE) and physical activity (PA) represent scalable practices and methods for promoting mental health and protective factors within the military. A cross-sectional sample of N = 1019 active-duty Soldiers completed self-report measures of HE, PA, major depressive disorder (MDD) symptoms, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms, and suicidal ideation (SI). Moderated mediation analyses using bootstrapping techniques were used to determine if HE and PA interact to relate to lower SI through reduced psychological health (PH) symptoms. Results indicated an indirect effect of HE on presence versus absence of past month SI through GAD symptoms at moderate-to-high levels of cardiovascular PA. A similar pattern was demonstrated for strength training PA where HE had an indirect effect on past month SI through GAD symptoms at only high levels of strength training PA. HE was indirectly related to lower MDD symptoms at all levels of cardiovascular PA and moderate to high levels of strength training PA. Study limitations and implications for secondary suicide prevention strategies within the military are discussed.
军队中的自杀率持续上升。需要新的预防方法，这些方法要利用现有优势，能在多个层面进行扩展，并增强心理韧性。健康饮食（HE）和体育活动（PA）是促进军队心理健康和保护因素的可扩展做法和方法。一个由N = 1019名现役军人组成的横断面样本完成了关于健康饮食、体育活动、重度抑郁症（MDD）症状、广泛性焦虑症（GAD）症状和自杀意念（SI）的自我报告测量。使用自抽样技术进行的调节中介分析，以确定健康饮食和体育活动是否通过减轻心理健康（PH）症状相互作用，从而与较低的自杀意念相关。结果表明，在中等到高水平的心血管体育活动中，健康饮食通过广泛性焦虑症症状对过去一个月自杀意念的存在与否产生间接影响。在力量训练体育活动中也显示出类似模式，即仅在高水平的力量训练体育活动中，健康饮食通过广泛性焦虑症症状对过去一个月的自杀意念产生间接影响。在所有水平的心血管体育活动以及中等到高水平的力量训练体育活动中，健康饮食与较低的重度抑郁症症状间接相关。文中讨论了研究局限性以及对军队二级自杀预防策略的启示。
