Department of Psychology, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Department of Psychology, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, Texas, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2024 Jun;37(3):410-421. doi: 10.1002/jts.23036. Epub 2024 Mar 27.
There is well-documented evidence that trauma exposure can disrupt relationships. However, limited research has examined whether posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) moderate interpersonal processes in daily life. To this end, undergraduates (N = 98) completed a measure of PTSS at baseline. They then completed smartphone-based surveys after every interpersonal interaction that lasted longer than 3 min. for 10 days. These surveys assessed perceptions of self and other agency and communion as well as feelings of rejection, neglect, abandonment, worthlessness, emptiness, guilt, and shame. Results of multilevel modeling suggest that interpersonal perception and PTSS predicted 10%-26% of the variance in outcomes. Regarding agency, more agentic participants reported higher levels of negative attributions, γs = .47-.56. Participants also reported higher rejection and guilt when they experienced their interaction partner as more agentic than usual, γs = .07, and PTSS did not moderate these associations. For communal perceptions, participants who experienced themselves and others as warmer than other participants reported fewer negative outcomes, γs = -.44--.58. Individuals also reported more negative outcomes when they experienced themselves and others as warmer than they usually did, γs = -.10--.28, and PTSS moderated these associations. The negative associations between self- and other communion ratings and feelings of neglect, abandonment, and shame were stronger in individuals with higher PTSS scores. Together, these findings support continued efforts to understand the ways in which trauma exposure and PTSS disrupt interpersonal dynamics in daily life.
有充分的文献证据表明，创伤暴露会破坏人际关系。然而，有限的研究考察了创伤后应激症状（PTSS）是否会在日常生活中调节人际过程。为此，大学生（N=98）在基线时完成了一项创伤后应激症状的测量。然后，他们在 10 天内，在每次持续超过 3 分钟的人际互动后，通过智能手机完成基于调查的评估。这些调查评估了自我和他人的能动性和交流以及被拒绝、忽视、抛弃、无价值、空虚、内疚和羞耻的感觉。多层次模型的结果表明，人际知觉和创伤后应激症状预测了结果的 10%-26%的变异性。关于能动性，更具能动性的参与者报告了更高水平的消极归因，γs=.47-.56。当参与者体验到他们的互动伙伴比平时更具能动性时，他们也报告了更高的拒绝和内疚，γs=.07，而创伤后应激症状并没有调节这些关联。对于交流的看法，参与者认为自己和他人比其他参与者更温暖，报告的消极结果较少，γs= -.44--.58。当参与者体验到自己和他人比平时更温暖时，他们也报告了更多的负面结果，γs= -.10--.28，而创伤后应激症状调节了这些关联。自我和他人的温暖感与被忽视、被抛弃和羞耻感之间的负面关联在创伤后应激症状得分较高的个体中更为强烈。总之，这些发现支持了继续努力理解创伤暴露和创伤后应激症状如何在日常生活中破坏人际动态的努力。
