von Gall Charlotte, Holub Leon, Ali Amira A H, Eickhoff Simon
Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Brain Sci. 2024 Mar 6;14(3):260. doi: 10.3390/brainsci14030260.
Sleep timing is controlled by intrinsic homeostatic and circadian components. The circadian component controls the chronotype, which is defined by the propensity to sleep at a particular clock time. However, sleep timing can be significantly affected by external factors such as the morning alarm clock. In this study, we analysed the timing of deep and REM sleep as well as the composition of REM sleep using Fitbit sleep staging in young healthy adults ( = 59) under real-life conditions. Sleep stage percentiles were correlated with the timing of total sleep in for the homeostatic component and in for the circadian component. Regarding the circadian component, the phase of total sleep is most strongly associated with the phases of early deep sleep and REM sleep. Furthermore, a stronger phase relationship between deep and REM sleep with total sleep is associated with greater consolidation of REM sleep. Chronotype-dependent sleep loss correlates negatively with the strength of the phase relationship between deep sleep and total sleep. In conclusion, the interaction of the circadian component of sleep timing with the timing of sleep stages is associated with REM sleep quality. In particular, the interaction of the circadian component of sleep timing with deep sleep seems to be more vulnerable to external factors.
睡眠时机受内在稳态和昼夜节律成分的控制。昼夜节律成分控制着生物钟类型，生物钟类型由在特定时钟时间入睡的倾向所定义。然而，睡眠时机可能会受到诸如早晨闹钟等外部因素的显著影响。在本研究中，我们在现实生活条件下，使用Fitbit睡眠分期对年轻健康成年人（n = 59）的深度睡眠和快速眼动睡眠时机以及快速眼动睡眠的组成进行了分析。睡眠阶段百分位数与总睡眠时间的时机在稳态成分方面与n相关，在昼夜节律成分方面与n相关。关于昼夜节律成分，总睡眠阶段与早期深度睡眠和快速眼动睡眠阶段的关联最为紧密。此外，深度睡眠和快速眼动睡眠与总睡眠之间更强的阶段关系与快速眼动睡眠的更好巩固相关。生物钟类型依赖性睡眠缺失与深度睡眠和总睡眠之间阶段关系的强度呈负相关。总之，睡眠时机的昼夜节律成分与睡眠阶段时机的相互作用与快速眼动睡眠质量相关。特别是，睡眠时机的昼夜节律成分与深度睡眠的相互作用似乎更容易受到外部因素的影响。
