Ma Shaoqing, Ding Peng, Zhou Zhengxuan, Jin Huilong, Li Xiaoli, Li Yingwei
School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
College of Engineering, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
Brain Sci. 2024 Mar 14;14(3):279. doi: 10.3390/brainsci14030279.
Terahertz radiation falls within the spectrum of hydrogen bonding, molecular rotation, and vibration, as well as van der Waals forces, indicating that many biological macromolecules exhibit a strong absorption and resonance in this frequency band. Research has shown that the terahertz radiation of specific frequencies and energies can mediate changes in cellular morphology and function by exciting nonlinear resonance effects in proteins. However, current studies have mainly focused on the cellular level and lack systematic studies on multiple levels. Moreover, the mechanism and law of interaction between terahertz radiation and neurons are still unclear. Therefore, this paper analyzes the mechanisms by which terahertz radiation modulates the nervous system, and it analyzes and discusses the methods by which terahertz radiation modulates neurons. In addition, this paper reviews the laws of terahertz radiation's influence on neuronal morphology and kinetic properties and discusses them in detail in terms of terahertz radiation frequency, energy, and time. In the future, the safety of the terahertz radiation system should be considered first to construct the safety criterion of terahertz modulation, and the spatial resolution of the terahertz radiation system should be improved. In addition, the systematic improvement of the laws and mechanisms of terahertz modulation of the nervous system on multiple levels is the key to applying terahertz waves to neuroscience. This paper can provide a platform for researchers to understand the mechanism of the terahertz-nervous system interaction, its current status, and future research directions.
太赫兹辐射处于氢键、分子旋转与振动以及范德华力的频谱范围内，这表明许多生物大分子在该频段表现出强烈的吸收和共振。研究表明，特定频率和能量的太赫兹辐射可通过激发蛋白质中的非线性共振效应来介导细胞形态和功能的变化。然而，目前的研究主要集中在细胞层面，缺乏对多个层面的系统研究。此外，太赫兹辐射与神经元之间相互作用的机制和规律仍不明确。因此，本文分析了太赫兹辐射调节神经系统的机制，并分析和讨论了太赫兹辐射调节神经元的方法。此外，本文综述了太赫兹辐射对神经元形态和动力学特性的影响规律，并从太赫兹辐射频率、能量和时间等方面进行了详细讨论。未来，应首先考虑太赫兹辐射系统的安全性，构建太赫兹调制的安全标准，并提高太赫兹辐射系统的空间分辨率。此外，在多个层面系统地完善太赫兹对神经系统调制的规律和机制是将太赫兹波应用于神经科学的关键。本文可为研究人员了解太赫兹与神经系统相互作用的机制、现状及未来研究方向提供一个平台。
